Trial reportDiabetes2004
Effect of intravenous infusion of exenatide (synthetic exendin-4) on glucose-dependent insulin secretion and counterregulation during hypoglycemia.
Trial report in Diabetes, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03819790 (Variability of Glucose Assessed in a Randomized Trial Comparing the Initiation of A Treatment Approach With Biosimilar Basal Insulin Analog Or a Titratable iGlarLixi combinatioN in Type 2 Diabetes Among South Asian Subjects), which is not on this map. Cited by 65 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Variability of Glucose Assessed in a Randomized Trial Comparing the Initiation of A Treatment Approach With Biosimilar Basal Insulin Analog Or a Titratable iGlarLixi combinatioN in Type 2 Diabetes Among South Asian Subjects (VARIATION 2 SA Trial)
Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 253 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Counterregulatory response to hypoglycemia during a hypoglycemic clamp in people with type 2 diabetes treated with tirzepatide.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Trial
- Effects of Duodenal Infusion of Lauric Acid and L-Tryptophan, Alone and Combined, on Fasting Glucose, Insulin and Glucagon in Healthy Men.Nutrients · 2019Trial
- Trial
- Influence of GLP-1 on myocardial glucose metabolism in healthy men during normo- or hypoglycemia.PloS one · 2014Trial
- Exenatide-induced reduction in energy intake is associated with increase in hypothalamic connectivity.Diabetes care · 2013Trial
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 decreases intracerebral glucose content by activating hexokinase and changing glucose clearance during hyperglycemia.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2012Trial
- Effects of exenatide twice daily versus sitagliptin on 24-h glucose, glucoregulatory and hormonal measures: a randomized, double-blind, crossover study.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2011Trial
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist treatment prevents glucocorticoid-induced glucose intolerance and islet-cell dysfunction in humans.Diabetes care · 2011Trial
- Effects of insulin and octreotide on memory and growth hormone in Alzheimer's disease.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2009Trial
- Addition of vildagliptin to insulin improves glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes.Diabetologia · 2007Trial
- Targeted in vivo gene integration of a secretion-enabled GLP-1 receptor agonist reverses diet-induced non-genetic obesity and pre-diabetes.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Diabetes in a Patient with Glycogen Storage Disease Type 1a.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2024Article
- The Impact of Cholecystectomy in Patients with Post-Bariatric Surgery Hypoglycemia.Obesity surgery · 2024Article
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in neoplastic diseases.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Review
- GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Induce Growth Hormone Secretion in Healthy Volunteers.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2023Article
- Mini Review: Effect of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and SGLT-2 Inhibitors on the Growth Hormone/IGF Axis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- S1P Signaling Pathways in Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes.Journal of diabetes research · 2021Article
- Glycemic variability in newly diagnosed diabetic cats treated with the glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue exenatide extended release.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2020Article
- Risk of any hypoglycaemia with newer antihyperglycaemic agents in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2020Article
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study assessed whether glucose-dependent insulin secretion and overall counterregulatory response are preserved during hypoglycemia in the presence of exenatide. Twelve healthy fasted volunteers were randomized in a triple-blind crossover study to receive either intravenous exenatide (0.066 pmol. kg(-1). min(-1)) or placebo during a 270-min stepwise hyperinsulinemic-hypoglycemic clamp (insulin infusion 0.8 mU. kg(-1). min(-1)). Plasma glucose was clamped sequentially at 5.0 (0-120 min), 4.0 (120-180 min), 3.2 (180-240 min), and 2.7 mmol/l (240-270 min). At 270 min, insulin infusion was terminated and plasma glucose increased to approximately 3.2 mmol/l. The time to achieve plasma glucose >/=4 mmol/l thereafter was recorded. Insulin secretory rates (ISRs) and counterregulatory hormones were measured throughout. Glucose profiles were superimposable between the exenatide and placebo arms. In the presence of euglycemic hyperinsulinemia, ISRs in the exenatide arm were approximately 3.5-fold higher than in the placebo arm (353 +/- 29 vs. 100 +/- 29 pmol/min [least-square means +/- SE]). However, ISRs declined similarly and rapidly at all hypoglycemic steps (</=4 mmol/l) in both groups. Glucagon was suppressed in the exenatide arm during euglycemia and higher than placebo during hypoglycemia. Plasma glucose recovery time was equivalent for both treatments. The areas under the concentration-time curve from 270 to 360 min for cortisol, epinephrine, norepinephrine, and growth hormone were similar between treatment arms. There were no differences in adverse events. In the presence of exenatide, there was a preserved, glucose-dependent insulin secretory response and counterregulatory response during hypoglycemia.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.