ArticleAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy2004
Novel murine model of pneumococcal pneumonia: use of temperature as a measure of disease severity to compare the efficacies of moxifloxacin and levofloxacin.
Article in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Temperature-Dependent Viral Pathogenicity: Implications for Attenuation of Viral Vaccines.Viruses · 2025Review
- Infrared Thermography for Temperature Measurement in Adult Female C57BL/6NCrl Mice: A Comparison with Rectal Probe and Subcutaneous Transponder.Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS · 2025Article
- Body Temperature Drop as a Humane Endpoint in Snake Venom-Lethality Neutralization Tests.Toxins · 2023Article
- Characterization of novel bacteriophage PSKP16 and its therapeutic potential against β-lactamase and biofilm producer strain of K2-Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumonia infection in mice model.BMC microbiology · 2023Article
- Inhibition of the lipoxin A4 and resolvin D1 receptor impairs host response to acute lung injury caused by pneumococcal pneumonia in mice.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2021Article
- Clinically relevant model of pneumococcal pneumonia, ARDS, and nonpulmonary organ dysfunction in mice.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2019Article
- Article
- CEACAM1 regulates the IL-6 mediated fever response to LPS through the RP105 receptor in murine monocytes.BMC immunology · 2019Article
- Identifying and Implementing Endpoints for Geriatric Mice.Comparative medicine · 2018Article
- Murine Oropharyngeal Aspiration Model of Ventilator-associated and Hospital-acquired Bacterial Pneumonia.Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE · 2018Article
- Host Nitric Oxide Disrupts Microbial Cell-to-Cell Communication to Inhibit Staphylococcal Virulence.Cell host & microbe · 2018Article
- Body temperature measurement in mice during acute illness: implantable temperature transponder versus surface infrared thermometry.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Surface hypothermia predicts murine mortality in the intragastric Vibrio vulnificus infection model.BMC microbiology · 2017Article
- Modeling mucosal candidiasis in larval zebrafish by swimbladder injection.Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE · 2014Article
- Streptococcus pyogenes biofilm growth in vitro and in vivo and its role in colonization, virulence, and genetic exchange.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2014Article
- Weight loss and reduced body temperature determine humane endpoints in a mouse model of ocular herpesvirus infection.Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS · 2013Article
- Pneumococcal interactions with epithelial cells are crucial for optimal biofilm formation and colonization in vitro and in vivo.Infection and immunity · 2012Article
- How "humane" is your endpoint? Refining the science-driven approach for termination of animal studies of chronic infection.PLoS pathogens · 2012Article
- Use of temperature for standardizing the progression of Francisella tularensis in mice.PloS one · 2012Article
- Comparative effects of carbapenems on bacterial load and host immune response in a Klebsiella pneumoniae murine pneumonia model.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Surface temperature measured by an infrared temperature-scanning thermometer was used to evaluate disease severity and predict imminent death in a murine model of pneumococcal pneumonia. We showed that a decrease in temperature was associated with increasing severity of disease and concomitant histological changes and also that a temperature of 30 degrees C or less was a predictor of death. Furthermore, viable bacterial counts in the lungs of mice euthanized at a temperature of < or = 30 degrees C were not significantly different from those seen in the lungs of mice allowed to die without intervention. These data support temperature change as a more subtle indicator of outcome than death and demonstrate that this could be used as a reliable end point for euthanasia. To test the utility of our model in a drug trial, we examined the efficacies of moxifloxacin and levofloxacin by using temperature as a measure of disease severity prior to and during treatment. Regardless of the antibiotic used, mice assessed as moderately ill (temperature > or = 32 degrees C) at the start of treatment had better clinical and bacteriological outcomes than mice assessed as severely ill (temperature < 32 degrees C). However, moxifloxacin offered better protection and greater bacterial clearance than did levofloxacin in all infected mice independent of disease severity. This model not only allows a more subtle evaluation of drug efficacy but also ensures a better degree of standardization and a more humane approach to drug efficacy studies involving animals.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.