ReviewProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2004
Retroelements and the human genome: new perspectives on an old relation.
Review in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 267 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
267 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 523 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human endogenous retroviruses as immune-related prognostic biomarkers in pancreatic cancer.BMC cancer · 2026Pooled it
- Endogenous Ecotropic Murine Leukemia Virus Promotes Prion Pathogenesis in Senescence-accelerated Mice.Experimental neurobiology · 2026Article
- Transposable Element Activation: A Hallmark of Cancer.Cancer discovery · 2026Review
- A phylogeny-guided framework for decoding mechanisms of human endogenous retrovirus regulation in health and disease.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- CDK9 Inhibition with enitociclib reveals influence on HERV and LINE RNA abundances in whole blood, T-, and B-Cell lines.BMC medical genomics · 2026Article
- Review
- The reverse transcriptase domain of prime editors contributes to DNA repair in mammalian cells.Nature biotechnology · 2026Article
- An expression signature of 19 human endogenous retroviruses identifies immunogenic luminal breast cancers likely to respond to immunotherapy.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Alterations of placental HERV expression as a result of gestational COVID-19 disease.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Characterization of HERV-K (HML-2) Rec proteins encoded in the human genome and their post-transcriptional function.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Human endogenous retrovirus ERVK3-1 characterizes a metabolically active and immunosuppressive subtype of liver cancer.Virology journal · 2025Article
- Endogenous Retroviruses in Host-Virus Coevolution: From Genomic Domestication to Functional Innovation.Genes · 2025Review
- Endogenous retrovirus-like proteins recruit UBQLN2 to stress granules and shape their functional biology.Science advances · 2025Article
- Article
- The Role of Human Endogenous Retroviruses in the Initiation and Progression of Melanoma.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Co-option of an endogenous retrovirus (LTR7-HERVH) in early human embryogenesis: becoming useful and going unnoticed.Mobile DNA · 2025Review
- ChromActivity: integrative epigenomic and functional characterization assay based annotation of regulatory activity across diverse human cell types.Genome biology · 2025Article
- The role of HERV envelope protein in ovarian cancer.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
- Expression profiles of TNF-Alpha and HERV-K Env proteins in multiple types of colon and lung disease.Genes & genomics · 2025Article
- Inflammation primes the murine kidney for recovery by activating AZIN1 adenosine-to-inosine editing.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2024Article
207 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Retroelements constitute a large portion of our genomes. One class of these elements, the human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs), is comprised of remnants of ancient exogenous retroviruses that have gained access to the germ line. After integration, most proviruses have been the subject of numerous amplifications and have suffered extensive deletions and mutations. Nevertheless, HERV-derived transcripts and proteins have been detected in healthy and diseased human tissues, and HERV-K, the youngest, most conserved family, is able to form virus-like particles. Although it is generally accepted that the integration of retroelements can cause significant harm by disrupting or disregulating essential genes, the role of HERV expression in the etiology of malignancies and autoimmune and neurologic diseases remains controversial. In recent years, striking evidence has accumulated indicating that some proviral sequences and HERV proteins might even serve the needs of the host and are therefore under positive selection. The remarkable progress in the analysis of host genomes has brought to light the significant impact of HERVs and other retroelements on genetic variation, genome evolution, and gene regulation.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.