ArticleApplied and environmental microbiology2004
Investigation of spa pools associated with lung disorders caused by Mycobacterium avium complex in immunocompetent adults.
Article in Applied and environmental microbiology, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- A case ofIDCases · 2026Article
- A case of hot tub lung secondary to mycobacterium avium complex in Victoria, Australia.Respirology case reports · 2024Article
- Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria: Molecular and Physiological Bases of Virulence and Adaptation to Ecological Niches.Microorganisms · 2020Review
- Revisiting John Snow to Meet the Challenge of Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Lung Disease.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Review
- Disinfection of herbal spa pool using combined chlorine dioxide and sodium hypochlorite treatment.Environmental monitoring and assessment · 2015Article
- Microaggregate-associated protein involved in invasion of epithelial cells by Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis.Virulence · 2015Article
- Novel insights into transmission routes of Mycobacterium avium in pigs and possible implications for human health.Veterinary research · 2014Article
- Mycobacterium chelonae abscesses associated with biomesotherapy, Australia, 2008.Emerging infectious diseases · 2013Article
- Lessons from Mycobacterium avium complex-associated pneumonitis: a case report.Journal of medical case reports · 2008Article
- Hypersensitivity pneumonitis-like granulomatous lung disease with nontuberculous mycobacteria from exposure to hot water aerosols.Environmental health perspectives · 2007Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Three cases of Mycobacterium avium complex-related lung disorders were associated with two poorly maintained spa pools by genotypic investigations. Inadequate disinfection of the two spas had reduced the load of environmental bacteria to less than 1 CFU/ml but allowed levels of M. avium complex of 4.3 x 10(4) and 4.5 x 10(3) CFU/ml. Persistence of the disease-associated genotype was demonstrated in one spa pool for over 5 months until repeated treatments with greater than 10 mg of chlorine per liter for 1-h intervals eliminated M. avium complex from the spa pool. A fourth case of Mycobacterium avium complex-related lung disease was associated epidemiologically but not genotypically with another spa pool that had had no maintenance undertaken. This spa pool contained low numbers of mycobacteria by smear and was culture positive for M. avium complex, and the nonmycobacterial organism count was 5.2 x 10(6) CFU/ml. Public awareness about the proper maintenance of private (residential) spa pools must be promoted by health departments in partnership with spa pool retailers.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.