Evidence map›Paper›PMID 15292152›Full record

ArticleJournal of bacteriology2004

Multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis of Dutch Bordetella pertussis strains reveals rapid genetic changes with clonal expansion during the late 1990s.

Leo M Schouls, Han G J van der Heide, Luc Vauterin, Paul Vauterin, Frits R Mooi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of bacteriology, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 86 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
86citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

86 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Macrolide-ResistantMicroorganisms · 2025
    Article
  6. Pertussis vaccines, epidemiology and evolution.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2024
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Genotypic Analysis of the Population Structure inJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Genotypes ofZhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences · 2022
    Article
  13. Macrolide susceptibility and molecular characteristics ofThe Journal of international medical research · 2022
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Population dynamics and antigenic drift ofEmerging microbes & infections · 2019
    Article

26 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Leo M SchoulsLaboratory for Vaccine-Preventable Diseases, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands. LM.Schouls@rivm.nl
Han G J van der Heide
Luc Vauterin
Paul Vauterin
Frits R Mooi

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Bordetella pertussis, the causative agent of whooping cough, has remained endemic in The Netherlands despite extensive nationwide vaccination since 1953. In the 1990s, several epidemic periods have resulted in many cases of pertussis. We have proposed that strain variation has played a major role in the upsurges of this disease in The Netherlands. Therefore, molecular characterization of strains is important in identifying the causes of pertussis epidemiology. For this reason, we have developed a multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) typing system for B. pertussis. By combining the MLVA profile with the allelic profile based on multiple-antigen sequence typing, we were able to further differentiate strains. The relationships between the various genotypes were visualized by constructing a minimum spanning tree. MLVA of Dutch strains of B. pertussis revealed that the genotypes of the strains isolated in the prevaccination period were diverse and clearly distinct from the strains isolated in the 1990s. Furthermore, there was a decrease in diversity in the strains from the late 1990s, with a remarkable clonal expansion that coincided with the epidemic periods. Using this genotyping, we have been able to show that B. pertussis is much more dynamic than expected.

Indexed as

Bacterial Typing TechniquesDNA FingerprintingGenes, BacterialMinisatellite RepeatsMolecular EpidemiologyAllelesAntigens, BacterialBordetella pertussisDNA, BacterialEndemic DiseasesGenetic VariationGenotypeHumansNetherlandsPhylogenySequence Analysis, DNAAntigens, BacterialDNA, Bacterial

Identifiers

PMID15292152
PMCPMC490882

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.