ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2004
Genome-wide molecular dissection of serotype M3 group A Streptococcus strains causing two epidemics of invasive infections.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed.
- Sudden re-emergence ofNew microbes and new infections · 2026Article
- The group AInfection and immunity · 2025Article
- Hyperphosphorylation of the Group A Streptococcal Control of Virulence Regulator Increases Promoter Occupancy Specifically at Virulence Factor-Encoding Genes.Journal of bacteriology · 2023Article
- The RD2 Pathogenicity Island Modifies the Disease Potential of the Group AInfection and immunity · 2021Article
- Cryptic prophages within aMicrobial genomics · 2021Article
- MOLECULAR MECHANISMS CONTRIBUTING TO FUZZY EPIDEMICS CAUSED BY GROUP A STREPTOCOCCUS, A FLESH-EATING HUMAN BACTERIAL PATHOGEN.Transactions of the American Clinical and Climatological Association · 2020Article
- Atlas of group A streptococcal vaccine candidates compiled using large-scale comparative genomics.Nature genetics · 2019Article
- Identification of a chimeric emm gene and novel emm pattern in currently circulating strains of emm4 Group A Streptococcus.Microbial genomics · 2018Article
- RocA Has Serotype-Specific Gene Regulatory and Pathogenesis Activities in Serotype M28 Group A Streptococcus.Infection and immunity · 2018Article
- Phenotypic Variation in the Group AmSphere · 2018Article
- Molecular Epidemiology, Ecology, and Evolution of Group A Streptococci.Microbiology spectrum · 2018Review
- Canada-Wide Epidemic ofOpen forum infectious diseases · 2018Article
- Article
- RocA Is an Accessory Protein to the Virulence-Regulating CovRS Two-Component System in Group A Streptococcus.Infection and immunity · 2017Article
- Importance of whole genome sequencing for the assessment of outbreaks in diagnostic laboratories: analysis of a case series of invasive Streptococcus pyogenes infections.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2017Article
- Draft Genome Sequence ofGenome announcements · 2017Article
- Article
- Emergence of a novel lineage containing a prophage inMicrobial genomics · 2016Article
- Bacterial genomics: Microbial GWAS coming of age.Nature microbiology · 2016Article
- Unique Footprint in the scl1.3 Locus Affects Adhesion and Biofilm Formation of the Invasive M3-Type Group A Streptococcus.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2016Article
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Molecular factors that contribute to the emergence of new virulent bacterial subclones and epidemics are poorly understood. We hypothesized that analysis of a population-based strain sample of serotype M3 group A Streptococcus (GAS) recovered from patients with invasive infection by using genome-wide investigative methods would provide new insight into this fundamental infectious disease problem. Serotype M3 GAS strains (n = 255) cultured from patients in Ontario, Canada, over 11 years and representing two distinct infection peaks were studied. Genetic diversity was indexed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, DNA-DNA microarray, whole-genome PCR scanning, prophage genotyping, targeted gene sequencing, and single-nucleotide polymorphism genotyping. All variation in gene content was attributable to acquisition or loss of prophages, a molecular process that generated unique combinations of proven or putative virulence genes. Distinct serotype M3 genotypes experienced rapid population expansion and caused infections that differed significantly in character and severity. Molecular genetic analysis, combined with immunologic studies, implicated a 4-aa duplication in the extreme N terminus of M protein as a factor contributing to an epidemic wave of serotype M3 invasive infections. This finding has implications for GAS vaccine research. Genome-wide analysis of population-based strain samples cultured from clinically well defined patients is crucial for understanding the molecular events underlying bacterial epidemics.
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