Evidence map›Paper›PMID 15282344›Full record

ArticleMolecular biology of the cell2004

PAK kinases Ste20 and Pak1 govern cell polarity at different stages of mating in Cryptococcus neoformans.

Connie B Nichols, James A Fraser, Joseph Heitman

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular biology of the cell, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
52citing papers in PubMed
3.0field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

52 citing papers in PubMed, 88 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Dissecting the homeodomainbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Tracing the evolution and genomic dynamics of mating-type loci inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  5. Mechanisms and Virulence Factors ofJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Connie B NicholsDepartment of Molecular Genetics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
James A Fraser
Joseph Heitman
Howard Hughes Medical Institute · USDuke University Hospital · US

Funding

Structure, function, and evolution of the Cryptococcus MAT locusR01AI050113 · NIAID · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI HEITMAN, JOSEPH · 2002 to 2024
$8.5M
ROLE OF CALCINEURIN IN C. NEOFORMANS MATING AND FRUITINGR01AI039115 · NIAID · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI HEITMAN, JOSEPH · 1997 to 2025
$6.7M
Genetics of Cryptococcus sexual reproductionR37AI039115 · NIAID · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI HEITMAN, JOSEPH · 2011 to 2020
$4.9M
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION PATHWAYS REGULATING VIRULENCEP01AI044975 · NIAID · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI PERFECT, JOHN R. · 1999 to 2003
$3.4M
NIAID NIH HHS P01 AI044975NIAID NIH HHS P01 AI44975NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI039115NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI050113NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI39115NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI50113NIAID NIH HHS R37 AI039115
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Sexual identity and mating are linked to virulence of the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans. Cells of the alpha mating type are more prevalent and can be more virulent than a cells, and basidiospores are thought to be the infectious propagule. Mating in C. neoformans involves cell-cell fusion and the generation of dikaryotic hyphae, processes that involve substantial changes in cell polarity. Two p21-activated kinase (PAK) kinases, Pak1 and Ste20, are required for both mating and virulence in C. neoformans. We show here that Ste20 and Pak1 play crucial roles in polarized morphogenesis at different steps during mating: Pak1 functions during cell fusion, whereas Ste20 fulfills a distinct morphogenic role and is required to maintain polarity in the heterokaryotic mating filament. In conclusion, our studies demonstrate that PAK kinases are necessary for polar growth during mating and that polarity establishment is necessary for mating and may contribute to virulence of C. neoformans.

Indexed as

Cell FusionCell PolarityCryptococcus neoformansFungal ProteinsHumansIntracellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsMAP Kinase Kinase KinasesMorphogenesisp21-Activated KinasesPheromonesProtein Serine-Threonine KinasesSaccharomyces cerevisiae ProteinsSpores, FungalFungal ProteinsIntracellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsMAP Kinase Kinase Kinasesp21-Activated KinasesPAK1 protein, humanPheromonesProtein Serine-Threonine KinasesSaccharomyces cerevisiae ProteinsSTE20 protein, S cerevisiae

Identifiers

PMID15282344
PMCPMC519142
OpenAlexW2152506432

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.