ArticleBMC biotechnology2004
Use and comparison of different internal ribosomal entry sites (IRES) in tricistronic retroviral vectors.
Article in BMC biotechnology, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
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- IRES-Mediated Translation: Expanding the Toolkits of RNA Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
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- A bivalent mRNA vaccine against RSV infection in rodent models.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- SEMPER: Stoichiometric expression of mRNA polycistrons by eukaryotic ribosomes for compact, ratio-tunable multi-gene expression.Cell systems · 2024Article
- SynLight: a bicistronic strategy for simultaneous active zone and cell labeling in the Drosophila nervous system.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2023Article
- SynLight: a dicistronic strategy for simultaneous active zone and cell labeling in thebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Cap-Independent Circular mRNA Translation Efficiency.Vaccines · 2023Review
- Plant Metabolic Engineering by Multigene Stacking: Synthesis of Diverse Mogrosides.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Internal Ribosome Entry Site (IRES)-Mediated Translation and Its Potential for Novel mRNA-Based Therapy Development.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Synthetic polycistronic sequences in eukaryotes.Synthetic and systems biotechnology · 2021Review
- Article
- BiPOLES is an optogenetic tool developed for bidirectional dual-color control of neurons.Nature communications · 2021Article
- Engineering highly efficient backsplicing and translation of synthetic circRNAs.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2021Article
- Enzymatic Modifications of Chitin, Chitosan, and Chitooligosaccharides.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2019Review
- Production of functional human CuZn-SOD and EC-SOD in bitransgenic cloned goat milk.Transgenic research · 2018Article
- Human rhinovirus internal ribosome entry site element enhances transgene expression in transfected CHO-S cells.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Internal ribosome entry site-based vectors for combined gene therapy.World journal of experimental medicine · 2015Review
- The 5' untranslated region of the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 mRNA enables cap-independent translation initiation.Journal of virology · 2014Article
- Neuroprotection by rAAV-mediated gene transfer of bone morphogenic protein 7.BMC neuroscience · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPolycistronic retroviral vectors that contain several therapeutic genes linked via internal ribosome entry sites (IRES), provide new and effective tools for the co-expression of exogenous cDNAs in clinical gene therapy protocols. For example, tricistronic retroviral vectors could be used to genetically modify antigen presenting cells, enabling them to express different co-stimulatory molecules known to enhance tumor cell immunogenicity.
resultsWe have constructed and compared different retroviral vectors containing two co-stimulatory molecules (CD70, CD80) and selectable marker genes linked to different IRES sequences (IRES from EMCV, c-myc, FGF-2 and HTLV-1). The tricistronic recombinant amphotropic viruses containing the IRES from EMCV, FGF-2 or HTLV-1 were equally efficient in inducing the expression of an exogenous gene in the transduced murine or human cells, without displaying any cell type specificity. The simultaneous presence of several IRESes on the same mRNA, however, can induce the differential expression of the various cistrons. Here we show that the IRESes of HTLV-1 and EMCV interfere with the translation induced by other IRESes in mouse melanoma cells. The IRES from FGF-2 did however induce the expression of exogenous cDNA in human melanoma cells without any positive or negative regulation from the other IRESs present within the vectors. Tumor cells that were genetically modified with the tricistronic retroviral vectors, were able to induce an in vivo anti-tumor immune response in murine models.
conclusionTranslation of the exogenous gene is directed by the IRES and its high level of expression not only depends on the type of cell that is transduced but also on the presence of other genetic elements within the vector.
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