Evidence map›Paper›PMID 15266312›Full record

ReviewBritish journal of cancer2004

Role of urothelial cells in BCG immunotherapy for superficial bladder cancer.

R F M Bevers, K-H Kurth, D H J Schamhart

Open access · hybridAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in British journal of cancer, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
67citing papers in PubMed
4.5field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

67 citing papers in PubMed, 145 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
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  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. The role of exosomes in bladder cancer immunotherapy.Journal of the National Cancer Center · 2025
    Review
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  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
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7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

R F M BeversDepartment of Urology, Leiden University Medical Center J3-P, PB 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands. R.F.M.Bevers@lumc.nl
K-H Kurth
D H J Schamhart
Academic Medical Center · NLLeiden University Medical Center · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Intravesical instillation of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is used for the treatment of superficial bladder cancer, both to reduce the recurrence rate of bladder tumour and to diminish the risk of progression. Since its first therapeutic application in 1976, major research efforts have been directed to decipher the exact mechanism of action of the BCG-associated antitumour effect. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin causes an extensive local inflammatory reaction in the bladder wall. Of this, the massive appearance of cytokines in the urine of BCG-treated patients stands out. Activated lymphocytes and macrophages are the most likely sources of these cytokines, but at present other cellular sources such as urothelial tumour cells cannot be ruled out. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin is internalised and processed both by professional antigen-presenting cells and urothelial tumour cells, resulting in an altered gene expression of these cells that accumulates in the presentation of BCG antigens and secretion of particular cytokines.

Indexed as

Neoplasm Recurrence, LocalAdjuvants, ImmunologicBCG VaccineCytokinesDisease ProgressionHumansInflammationLymphocyte ActivationMacrophagesUrinary Bladder NeoplasmsUrotheliumAdjuvants, ImmunologicBCG VaccineCytokines

Identifiers

PMID15266312
PMCPMC2364784
OpenAlexW2116250664

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.