Telithromycin.

Telithromycin, the first member of the ketolide antibacterials, has good activity against community-acquired respiratory pathogens, including multiple-drug-resistant strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Telithromycin 800 mg once daily has been US FDA approved for the treatment of acute bacterial sinusitis (ABS; treatment duration 5 days), acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (AECB; 5 days) and mild-to-moderate community-acquired pneumonia (CAP; 7-10 days). In patients with CAP, telithromycin was as effective as amoxicillin 1000 mg three times daily for 10 days, clarithromycin 500 mg twice daily for 10 days or trovafloxacin 200 mg once daily for 7-10 days. In patients with AECB, telithromycin was as effective as a 10-day regimen of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 500/125 mg three times daily, cefuroxime axetil 500 mg twice daily or clarithromycin 500 mg twice daily. In patients with ABS, telithromycin was as effective as a 10-day course of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 500/125 mg three times daily or cefuroxime axetil 250 mg twice daily. Telithromycin was generally well tolerated and most adverse events were of mild-to-moderate severity and transitory. The most common adverse events with telithromycin were diarrhoea and nausea (10.8% and 7.9% of 2702 patients in clinical trials); these events occurred in 8.6% and 4.6% of 2139 comparator-treated patients.