ArticleJournal of virology2004
Global identification of three major genotypes of varicella-zoster virus: longitudinal clustering and strategies for genotyping.
Article in Journal of virology, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Systematic review of incidence and complications of herpes zoster: towards a global perspective.BMJ open · 2014Pooled it
- Viruses that cross borders: factors responsible for global dissemination of viral infections.Intervirology · 2011Pooled it
- gE mutations and VZV genotypes jointly predict pain relief outcomes in herpes zoster: an integrative immunologic and modeling study.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Article
- Clinical symptoms and molecular epidemiologic characteristics of varicella patients among children and adults in Ganzhou, China.Virology journal · 2025Article
- Decoding VZV's evolutionary arsenal: how Beijing strains use recombination and adaptive mutations to thrive.Virus evolution · 2025Article
- Genotype of Varicella-zoster virus isolated in Jiangsu, China.Virology journal · 2024Article
- Preliminary investigation and analysis of nucleotide site variability of nine glycoproteins on varicella-zoster virus envelope, Jilin Province, China, 2010-March 2024.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Genomic sequencing revealed recombination event between clade 1 and clade 2 occurs in circulating varicella-zoster virus in China.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2024Article
- Varicella-Zoster Virus-Genetics, Molecular Evolution and Recombination.Current topics in microbiology and immunology · 2023Article
- First detection of Varicella Zoster Virus clade 9 cases in India during mpox surveillance.Annals of medicine · 2023Article
- Genetic characterization of varicella-zoster and HIV-1 viruses from the cerebrospinal fluid of a co-infected encephalitic patient, Ghana.Virology journal · 2022Article
- Molecular characterization of varicella zoster virus isolated from clinical samples in India.The Indian journal of medical research · 2021Article
- An adult co-presented with varicella and herpes zoster caused by varicella zoster virus genotype J, China: a case report.BMC infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Seroprevalence and molecular characteristics of varicella-zoster virus infection in Chinese children.BMC infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Varicella in Tshuapa Province, Democratic Republic of Congo, 2009-2014.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2019Article
- Genotypes of clinical varicella-zoster virus isolates from Manaus, Brazil.Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical · 2019Article
- Article
- Modeling the impact of changes in day-care contact patterns on the dynamics of varicella transmission in France between 1991 and 2015.PLoS computational biology · 2018Article
- Differentiation between wild-type and vaccines strains of varicella zoster virus (VZV) based on four single nucleotide polymorphisms.Epidemiology and infection · 2017Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
By analysis of a single, variable, and short DNA sequence of 447 bp located within open reading frame 22 (ORF22), we discriminated three major varicella-zoster virus (VZV) genotypes. VZV isolates from all six inhabited continents that showed nearly complete homology to ORF22 of the European reference strain Dumas were assigned to the European (E) genotype. All Japanese isolates, defined as the Japanese (J) genotype, were identical in the respective genomic region and proved the most divergent from the E strains, carrying four distinct variations. The remaining isolates carried a combination of E- and J-specific variations in the target sequence and thus were collectively termed the mosaic (M) genotype. Three hundred twenty-six isolates collected in 27 countries were genotyped. A distinctive longitudinal distribution of VZV genotypes supports this approach. Among 111 isolates collected from European patients, 96.4% were genotype E. Consistent with this observation, approximately 80% of the VZV strains from the United States were also genotype E. Similarly, genotype E viruses were dominant in the Asian part of Russia and in eastern Australia. M genotype viruses were strongly dominant in tropical regions of Africa, Indochina, and Central America, and they were common in western Australia. However, genotype M viruses were also identified as a minority in several countries worldwide. Two major intertypic variations of genotype M strains were identified, suggesting that the M genotype can be further differentiated into subgenotypes. These data highlight the direction for future VZV genotyping efforts. This approach provides the first simple genotyping method for VZV strains in clinical samples.
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