ArticleBritish journal of pharmacology2004
Voltage-dependent displacement of the scorpion toxin Ts3 from sodium channels and its implication on the control of inactivation.
Article in British journal of pharmacology, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Ion Channel-Targeting Toxins: Structural Mechanisms of Activation, Inhibition, and Therapeutic Potential.Toxins · 2025Review
- Article
- Article
- Differential regulation of cardiac sodium channels by intracellular fibroblast growth factors.The Journal of general physiology · 2023Article
- Screening an In-House Isoquinoline Alkaloids Library for New Blockers of Voltage-Gated NaMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Pharmacological Dissection of the Crosstalk between NaInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Elucidation of the Covalent and Tertiary Structures of Biologically Active Ts3 Toxin.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2016Article
- The hitchhiker's guide to the voltage-gated sodium channel galaxy.The Journal of general physiology · 2016Review
- Modulation of human Nav1.7 channel gating by synthetic α-scorpion toxin OD1 and its analogs.Channels (Austin, Tex.) · 2016Article
- From foe to friend: using animal toxins to investigate ion channel function.Journal of molecular biology · 2015Review
- Article
- Animal toxins influence voltage-gated sodium channel function.Handbook of experimental pharmacology · 2014Review
- Direct evidence that scorpion α-toxins (site-3) modulate sodium channel inactivation by hindrance of voltage-sensor movements.PloS one · 2013Article
- Neurotoxins and their binding areas on voltage-gated sodium channels.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2011Article
- Alpha-scorpion toxin impairs a conformational change that leads to fast inactivation of muscle sodium channels.The Journal of general physiology · 2008Article
- Open- and closed-state fast inactivation in sodium channels: differential effects of a site-3 anemone toxin.Channels (Austin, Tex.)Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The voltage-dependent displacement of the scorpion Tityus serrulatus alpha-toxin Ts3 was investigated in native sodium channels of GH3 cells by examining the removal of its effects in toxin-free solution. Toxin at saturating concentration was pulsed (approximately 1 s) directly onto the cell, thus causing an eight-fold increase of the slow component (taus = 6 ms) of fast inactivation, and a three-fold increase of the time constant of its fast component. At 0 mV, maximal conductance was achieved in cells before and after treatment with Ts3, and no displacement of the toxin could be detected. Toxin displacement occurred if stronger depolarising pulses (> 100 mV) were applied. The rate of displacement depended on the amplitude and duration of the pulses, and was not related with outward Na+ flux. We propose a model in which activation does not require complete movement of segment S4 of domain IV (IVS4) and that a more extensive movement of this segment is needed for normal fast inactivation. A kinetic model is presented that can account for the typical effects of site 3 toxins.
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