SynthesisBritish journal of cancer2004
Smoking before the birth of a first child is not associated with increased risk of breast cancer: findings from the British Women's Heart and Health Cohort Study and a meta-analysis.
Synthesis in British journal of cancer, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Use of Oral Contraceptives as a Potential Risk Factor for Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Case-Control Studies Up to 2010.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Smoking before the first pregnancy and the risk of breast cancer: a meta-analysis.American journal of epidemiology · 2011Pooled it
- Article
- The association between lifetime smoking exposure and breast cancer mortality--results from a Norwegian cohort.Cancer medicine · 2014Article
- A prospective study of smoking and breast cancer risk among African-American women.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2013Article
- Smoking duration before first childbirth: an emerging risk factor for breast cancer? Results from 302,865 Norwegian women.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2013Article
- A multi-ethnic breast cancer case-control study in New Zealand: evidence of differential risk patterns.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2013Article
- Cigarette smoking and risk of breast cancer in a New Zealand multi-ethnic case-control study.PloS one · 2013Article
- Cigarette smoking and the incidence of breast cancer.Archives of internal medicine · 2011Article
- Smoking and the risk of breast cancer in BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers: an update.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2009Article
- Age of smoking initiation and risk of breast cancer in a sample of Ontario women.Tobacco induced diseases · 2009Article
- Article
- Cigarette smoking and breast cancer risk: a population-based study in Sweden.British journal of cancer · 2007Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
It has been suggested that the period between puberty and first birth is a time when the breast is particularly susceptible to carcinogenic effects. In a cohort of 3047 women aged 60-79 years (N=139 breast cancer cases), we found no association between smoking before the birth of a first child and breast cancer risk: fully adjusted (for age, number of children, age at birth of first child, age at menarche, age at menopausal, hysterectomy and/or oophorectomy, ever use of oral contraception, use of hormone replacement therapy, alcohol consumption, body mass index, childhood and adulthood social class) odds ratio 1.06 (95% confidence interval: 0.72, 1.56). The pooled estimate from a meta-analysis of our study and 11 previously published studies (N=6528 cases) was 1.07 (0.94, 1.22). We conclude that smoking prior to the birth of a first child is not associated with increased risk of breast cancer.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.