ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2004
Expression of butyrophilin (Btn1a1) in lactating mammary gland is essential for the regulated secretion of milk-lipid droplets.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 86 papers.
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Who cites it
86 citing papers in PubMed, 205 citations in OpenAlex.
- Butyrophilin 2A2 promotes T cell immunoregulation via CD45 phosphatase activation and protects against murine autoimmune glomerulonephritis and pregnancy loss.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 is vital for milk lipid synthesis: Deletion impairs mammary gland and neonatal development.Journal of lipid research · 2025Article
- γ9δ2 T cells detect mevalonate diphosphate via BTN3A3.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2025Article
- Transcriptomic profiling of milk fat globules in cows with different β-casein genotypes.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Transcriptomic and Proteomic Insights Into Buffalo Milk Fat Synthesis and the Role of IGFBP4 in BMECs.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2025Article
- A Brief Molecular History of Vγ9Vδ2 TCR-Mediated Phosphoantigen Sensing.Immunological reviews · 2025Review
- Genetic and Plasma Proteomic Approaches to Identify Therapeutic Targets for Graves' Disease and Graves' Ophthalmopathy.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2025Article
- Article
- The Effects ofACS omega · 2024Article
- BTN1A1 is a novel immune checkpoint mutually exclusive to PD-L1.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Article
- Ecologies, synergies, and biological systems shaping human milk composition-a report from "Breastmilk Ecology: Genesis of Infant Nutrition (BEGIN)" Working Group 2.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2023Article
- Identification of alternative splicing events related to fatty liver formation in duck using full-length transcripts.BMC genomics · 2023Article
- Comparative proteomic analysis of human milk fat globules and paired membranes and mouse milk fat globules identifies core cellular systems contributing to mammary lipid trafficking and secretion.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2023Article
- Heat Stress Increases Mammary Epithelial Cells and Reduces Viable Immune Cells in Milk of Dairy Cows.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
- Review
- Candidate Genes and Their Expressions Involved in the Regulation of Milk and Meat Production and Quality in Goats (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Review
- LPIN1 promotes triglycerides synthesis and is transcriptionally regulated by PPARG in buffalo mammary epithelial cells.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Occludin is a target of Src kinase and promotes lipid secretion by binding to BTN1a1 and XOR.PLoS biology · 2022Article
- Perilipin-2 promotes lipid droplet-plasma membrane interactions that facilitate apocrine lipid secretion in secretory epithelial cells of the mouse mammary gland.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Article
- Differential Long Non-Coding RNA Expression Analysis in Chronic Non-Atrophic Gastritis, Gastric Mucosal Intraepithelial Neoplasia, and Gastric Cancer Tissues.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Article
26 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Butyrophilin 1a1 (Btn1a1), which is a member of the Ig superfamily, is highly expressed in the lactating mammary gland and is secreted into milk in association with lipid droplets. To determine the potential function of Btn1a1 in milk secretion, we ablated Btn1a1 in mice and analyzed the lactation phenotype of homozygous (Btn1a1(-/-)) animals. Two mutant mouse lines were generated in which expression of Btn1a1 was either disrupted or eliminated, respectively. The regulated secretion of milk-lipid droplets was severely compromised in both mutant mouse lines in comparison to wild-type animals. Large pools of triacylglycerol accumulated in the cytoplasm of secretory cells, and lipid droplets escaped from the apical surface with disrupted outer membranes. Luminal spaces became engorged with unstable lipid droplets, which coalesced to form large aggregates. The amount of lipid (wt/vol) was elevated, on average by 50%, during the first 10 days of lactation, and the diameter of the droplets was up to seven times larger than the normal diameter. In contrast, there was no significant difference between wild-type and null animals in the relative amounts of skim-milk proteins secreted from Golgi-derived secretory vesicles. Approximately half the pups suckling Btn1a1(-/-) animals died within the first 20 days, and weaning weights for the surviving pups were 60-80% of those suckling wild-type mice. Thus, expression of Btn1a1 is essential for the regulated secretion of milk-lipid droplets. We speculate that Btn1a1 functions either as a structural protein or as a signaling receptor by binding to xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.