ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2004
Small molecules targeting severe acute respiratory syndrome human coronavirus.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04372628 (Trial of Early Therapies During Non-hospitalized Outpatient Window), which is not on this map. Cited by 289 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Trial of Early Therapies During Non-hospitalized Outpatient Window (TREAT NOW) for COVID-19
Who cites it
289 citing papers in PubMed, 532 citations in OpenAlex.
- Safety and effectiveness of azithromycin in patients with COVID-19: An open-label randomised trial.International journal of antimicrobial agents · 2020Trial
- A Trial of Lopinavir-Ritonavir in Adults Hospitalized with Severe Covid-19.The New England journal of medicine · 2020Trial
- Multilevel Residual Complexity Analysis Reveals Origin of Nanomolar Antiviral Bioactives of "Isoquercitrin".Journal of natural products · 2026Article
- Antivirals Targeting Coronavirus RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase and Main Protease: From Mechanisms of Action to Outcomes in COVID-19 Clinical Trials.Microbial biotechnology · 2026Review
- Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease (Mpro) as Anti-Coronavirus Agents.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Systematic Studies on the Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Mechanisms of Tea Polyphenol-Related Natural Products.ACS omega · 2024Article
- Research Progress on Spike-Dependent SARS-CoV-2 Fusion Inhibitors and Small Molecules Targeting the S2 Subunit of Spike.Viruses · 2024Review
- Aesculus hippocastanum extract and the main bioactive constituent β-escin as antivirals agents against coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The immune response to SARS-CoV-2 in people with HIV.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2024Review
- Evaluation of A-ring hydroxymethylene-amino- triterpenoids as inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 spike pseudovirus and influenza H1N1.The Journal of antibiotics · 2024Article
- Repurposing of Plant-based Antiviral Molecules for the Treatment of COVID-19.Current topics in medicinal chemistry · 2024Review
- Microfluidic Diffusion Sizing Applied to the Study of Natural Products and Extracts That Modulate the SARS-CoV-2 Spike RBD/ACE2 Interaction.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Structure and function of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 main proteases and their inhibition: A comprehensive review.European journal of medicinal chemistry · 2023Review
- An overview on medicinal plants used for combating coronavirus: Current potentials and challenges.Journal of agriculture and food research · 2023Article
- Identification ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2023Article
- Repurposing Polyether Ionophores as a New-Class of Anti-SARS-Cov-2 Agents as Adjunct Therapy.Current microbiology · 2023Review
- Inhibitory effect of β-escin on Zika virus infection through the interruption of viral binding, replication, and stability.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Double Trouble Co-Infections: Understanding the Correlation Between COVID-19 and HIV Viruses.Cureus · 2023Review
- Changing Trends in the Global Consumption of Treatments Used in Hospitalized Patients for COVID-19: A Time Series Multicentre Study.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Deep learning-based network pharmacology for exploring the mechanism of licorice for the treatment of COVID-19.Scientific reports · 2023Article
229 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is an infectious disease caused by a novel human coronavirus. Currently, no effective antiviral agents exist against this type of virus. A cell-based assay, with SARS virus and Vero E6 cells, was developed to screen existing drugs, natural products, and synthetic compounds to identify effective anti-SARS agents. Of >10,000 agents tested, approximately 50 compounds were found active at 10 microM; among these compounds, two are existing drugs (Reserpine 13 and Aescin 5) and several are in clinical development. These 50 active compounds were tested again, and compounds 2-6, 10, and 13 showed active at 3 microM. The 50% inhibitory concentrations for the inhibition of viral replication (EC(50)) and host growth (CC(50)) were then measured and the selectivity index (SI = CC(50)/EC(50)) was determined. The EC(50), based on ELISA, and SI for Reserpine, Aescim, and Valinomycin are 3.4 microM (SI = 7.3), 6.0 microM (SI = 2.5), and 0.85 microM (SI = 80), respectively. Additional studies were carried out to further understand the mode of action of some active compounds, including ELISA, Western blot analysis, immunofluorescence and flow cytometry assays, and inhibition against the 3CL protease and viral entry. Of particular interest are the two anti-HIV agents, one as an entry blocker and the other as a 3CL protease inhibitor (K(i) = 0.6 microM).
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.