Evidence map›Paper›PMID 15225369›Full record

ArticleArthritis research & therapy2004

CD25brightCD4+ regulatory T cells are enriched in inflamed joints of patients with chronic rheumatic disease.

Duojia Cao, Ronald van Vollenhoven, Lars Klareskog, Christina Trollmo, Vivianne Malmström

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Arthritis research & therapy, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 134 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
134citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

134 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  4. Trial
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  8. Review
  9. JAK/STAT inhibition reprograms T cell activation and metabolism in inflammatory arthritis patients.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026
    Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. The 'TNature reviews. Rheumatology · 2025
    Review
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  16. Regulatory T Cell Dysfunction in Autoimmune Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024
    Review
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Review

74 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Duojia CaoRheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine at Karolinska Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. duojia.cao@cmm.ki.se <duojia.cao@cmm.ki.se>
Ronald van Vollenhoven
Lars Klareskog
Christina Trollmo
Vivianne Malmström

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

CD25+CD4+ regulatory T cells participate in the regulation of immune responses. We recently demonstrated the presence of CD25brightCD4+ regulatory T cells with a capacity to control T cell proliferation in the joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Here, we investigate a possible accumulation of these regulatory T cells in the inflamed joint of different rheumatic diseases including rheumatoid arthritis. The studies are also extended to analyze whether cytokine production can be suppressed by the regulatory T cells. Synovial fluid and peripheral blood samples were obtained during relapse from 36 patients with spondyloarthropathies, 21 adults with juvenile idiopathic arthritis and 135 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and the frequency of CD25brightCD4+ T cells was determined. Of 192 patients, 182 demonstrated a higher frequency of CD25brightCD4+ T cells in synovial fluid than in peripheral blood. In comparison with healthy subjects, the patients had significantly fewer CD25brightCD4+ T cells in peripheral blood. For functional studies, synovial fluid cells from eight patients were sorted by flow cytometry, and the suppressive capacity of the CD25brightCD4+ T cells was determined in in vitro cocultures. The CD25brightCD4+ T cells suppressed the production of both type 1 and 2 cytokines including interleukin-17, as well as proliferation, independently of diagnosis. Thus, irrespective of the inflammatory joint disease investigated, CD25brightCD4+ T cells were reduced in peripheral blood and enriched in the joint, suggesting an active recruitment of regulatory T cells to the affected joint. Their capacity to suppress both proliferation and cytokine secretion might contribute to a dampening of local inflammatory processes.

Indexed as

AdultAgedAged, 80 and overArthritis, JuvenileArthritis, RheumatoidCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesChronic DiseaseFemaleHumansInflammationJoint DiseasesJointsMaleMiddle AgedReceptors, Interleukin-2Rheumatic DiseasesReceptors, Interleukin-2

Identifiers

PMID15225369
PMCPMC464877

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.