ArticleVirus genes2004
The pseudorabies virus serine/threonine kinase Us3 contains mitochondrial, nuclear and membrane localization signals.
Article in Virus genes, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human infection with pseudorabies virus: review of evidence, risk assessment, and future directions.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- Tunneling nanotubes induced by pseudorabies virus facilitate viral transmission in neuronal cells to evade the immune system.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Article
- Pseudorabies Virus Regulates the Extracellular Translocation of Annexin A2 To Promote Its Proliferation.Journal of virology · 2023Article
- Integrative functional genomics decodes herpes simplex virus 1.Nature communications · 2020Article
- Bridging the Gap: Virus Long-Distance Spread via Tunneling Nanotubes.Journal of virology · 2020Review
- Roles of the Different Isoforms of the Pseudorabies Virus Protein Kinase pUS3 in Nuclear Egress.Journal of virology · 2020Article
- Feline Herpesvirus 1 US3 Blocks the Type I Interferon Signal Pathway by Targeting Interferon Regulatory Factor 3 Dimerization in a Kinase-Independent Manner.Journal of virology · 2018Article
- The Role of the Equine Herpesvirus Type 1 (EHV-1) US3-Encoded Protein Kinase in Actin Reorganization and Nuclear Egress.Viruses · 2016Article
- Review
- Rho'ing in and out of cells: viral interactions with Rho GTPase signaling.Small GTPases · 2014Review
- Alphaherpesviral US3 kinase induces cofilin dephosphorylation to reorganize the actin cytoskeleton.Journal of virology · 2013Article
- The alphaherpesvirus serine/threonine kinase us3 disrupts promyelocytic leukemia protein nuclear bodies.Journal of virology · 2011Article
- Review
- The effects of viral load on pseudorabies virus gene expression.BMC microbiology · 2010Article
- Hyperphosphorylation of histone deacetylase 2 by alphaherpesvirus US3 kinases.Journal of virology · 2010Article
- An emerging role for p21-activated kinases (Paks) in viral infections.Trends in cell biology · 2010Review
- Analysis of filamentous process induction and nuclear localization properties of the HSV-2 serine/threonine kinase Us3.Virology · 2010Article
- Varicella-zoster virus open reading frame 66 protein kinase and its relationship to alphaherpesvirus US3 kinases.Current topics in microbiology and immunology · 2010Review
- Alphaherpesvirus US3-mediated reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton is mediated by group A p21-activated kinases.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2009Article
- Herpesvirus gB-induced fusion between the virion envelope and outer nuclear membrane during virus egress is regulated by the viral US3 kinase.Journal of virology · 2009Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The serine/threonine kinase encoded by the Us3 gene is conserved amongst all known alphaherpesviruses. Us3 has been reported to function in a variety of aspects of the virus lifecycle including protection of cells from virus-induced apoptosis, de-envelopment of enveloped virus particles from the perinuclear space and cell-to-cell spread of virus infection. In this report, we examined the sub-cellular localization of the pseudorabies virus (PRV) Us3 homolog. The PRV Us3 gene encodes two proteins termed Us3a and Us3b. Us3a differs from Us3b in that it contains 54 additional N-terminal amino acids. In transfected cells, Us3a localized predominantly to the plasma membrane whereas the Us3b protein localized predominantly to the nucleus. To explore the differences in the localization of the Us3a and Us3b proteins, we fused the amino-terminal 54 amino acids of Us3a to the amino-terminus of the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). Surprisingly, this fusion protein localized exclusively to mitochondria in transfected cells. Analysis of mutated Us3-EGFP fusion proteins in transfected cells revealed that the carboxy-terminal 101 amino acids of Us3a and Us3b comprises a membrane/vesicular localization domain, and that the N-terminal 102 amino acids of Us3b comprises a nuclear localization domain. We provide a model to rationalize the complex localization of Us3a and Us3b in transfected cells and hypothesize that the mitochondrial, nuclear and membrane localization motifs function in the reported anti-apoptotic, egress and cell-to-cell spread functions of Us3.
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