ArticleThe Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience2004
Primitive roles for inhibitory interneurons in developing frog spinal cord.
Article in The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed.
- Spinal cord regeneration deploys cell-type specific developmental and non-developmental strategies to restore neuron diversity.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Redefining the central pattern generator for vertebrate locomotion.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2026Review
- Spinal cord regeneration deploys cell-type specific developmental and non-developmental strategies to restore neuron diversity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- V2b Neurons Act via Multiple Targets to Produce in Phase Inhibition during Locomotion.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025Article
- Spinal neuron diversity scales exponentially with swim-to-limb transformation during frog metamorphosis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Spinal Interneurons: Diversity and Connectivity in Motor Control.Annual review of neuroscience · 2023Review
- Spinal Basis of Direction Control during Locomotion in Larval Zebrafish.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2023Article
- An early midbrain sensorimotor pathway is involved in the timely initiation and direction of swimming in the hatchlingFrontiers in neural circuits · 2022Article
- Recruitment of Motoneurons.Advances in neurobiology · 2022Article
- Spinal V1 neurons inhibit motor targets locally and sensory targets distally.Current biology : CB · 2021Article
- Central and peripheral innervation patterns of defined axial motor units in larval zebrafish.The Journal of comparative neurology · 2019Article
- V1 interneurons regulate the pattern and frequency of locomotor-like activity in the neonatal mouse spinal cord.PLoS biology · 2019Article
- Article
- Regulation of locomotor speed and selection of active sets of neurons by V1 neurons.Nature communications · 2019Article
- Stimulation of Single, Possible CHX10 Hindbrain Neurons Turns Swimming On and Off in YoungFrontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2019Article
- Article
- Investigation of hindbrain activity during active locomotion reveals inhibitory neurons involved in sensorimotor processing.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Article
- Delineating the Diversity of Spinal Interneurons in Locomotor Circuits.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2017Review
- Zebrafish transgenic constructs label specific neurons in Xenopus laevis spinal cord and identify frog V0v spinal neurons.Developmental neurobiology · 2017Article
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Understanding the neuronal networks in the mammal spinal cord is hampered by the diversity of neurons and their connections. The simpler networks in developing lower vertebrates may offer insights into basic organization. To investigate the function of spinal inhibitory interneurons in Xenopus tadpoles, paired whole-cell recordings were used. We show directly that one class of interneuron, with distinctive anatomy, produces glycinergic, negative feedback inhibition that can limit firing in motoneurons and interneurons of the central pattern generator during swimming. These same neurons also produce inhibitory gating of sensory pathways during swimming. This discovery raises the possibility that some classes of interneuron, with distinct functions later in development, may differentiate from an earlier class in which these functions are shared. Preliminary evidence suggests that these inhibitory interneurons express the transcription factor engrailed, supporting a probable homology with interneurons in developing zebrafish that also express engrailed and have very similar anatomy and functions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.