ArticleInfection and immunity2004
Activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway contributes to survival of primary epithelial cells infected with the periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 160 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
160 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 228 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of Microbiome with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review of the Metagenomic Studies.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Distinct gene expression characteristics in epithelial cell-International journal of medical sciences · 2019Pooled it
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- Inhibition of CD38 by 78c Enhanced NADInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Unraveling Oral Dysbiosis: Microbial Complexity in Common Oral Diseases.MicrobiologyOpen · 2026Review
- The Role of Oral Pathobionts' Outer Membrane Vesicles in Cancer Pathology and Therapeutic Development.Cells · 2026Review
- Esophageal cancer: from pathogenesis to precision therapies.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Microbial crosstalk along the oral-gut axis: organ-specific oncogenic adaptations of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum.Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Review
- Early modulatory effects of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Lactobacillus salivarius on oncogenic processes in dysplastic oral keratinocytes.Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- Review
- Article
- Proteomics of Periodontitis-Associated Bacteria and Its Link to Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Contemporaneous Review.International dental journal · 2026Review
- A Narrative Review on Unravelling Bacterial-Mediated Carcinogenesis and Possible Alternative Treatment Strategies.BioMed research international · 2026Review
- The oral - X axis: from periodontal dysbiosis to systemic disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Role of Gut Microbiome in Oncogenesis and Oncotherapies.Cancers · 2025Review
- Oral Microbiota and Carcinogenesis: Exploring the Systemic Impact of Oral Pathogens.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Intestinal and esophageal microbiota in esophageal cancer development and treatment.Gut microbes · 2025Review
- The Role ofCancers · 2025Review
100 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis, an important periodontal pathogen, infects primary gingival epithelial cells (GECs). Despite the large number of bacteria that replicate inside the GECs, the host cell remains viable. We demonstrate that P. gingivalis triggers rapid and reversible surface phosphatidylserine exposure through a mechanism requiring caspase activation. However, after 1 day of infection, the bacteria no longer induce phosphatidylserine externalization and instead protect infected cells against apoptosis. Infection exerts its effect at the level of mitochondria, as P. gingivalis also blocks depolarization of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential and cytochrome c release. Interestingly, protein kinase B/Akt is phosphorylated during infection, which can be blocked with the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor LY294002. Suppression of the PI3K/Akt pathway following staurosporine treatment results in mitochondrial-membrane depolarization, cytochrome c release, DNA fragmentation, and increased apoptosis of infected GECs. Thus, P. gingivalis stimulates early surface exposure of phosphatidylserine, which could downmodulate the inflammatory response, while also promoting host cell survival through the PI3K/Akt pathway.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.