ArticleArchives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition2004
Long term outcome of small versus appropriate size for gestational age co-twins/triplets.
Article in Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- Early environmental risk factors for neurodevelopmental disorders - a systematic review of twin and sibling studies.Development and psychopathology · 2021Pooled it
- Evaluation of Birth Weight and Neurodevelopmental Conditions Among Monozygotic and Dizygotic Twins.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- Increase of jump performance during GH treatment in short children born SGA.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Article
- Effect of Fetoscopic Laser Photocoagulation on Fetal Growth and Placental Perfusion in Twin-Twin Transfusion Syndrome.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Application of Machine Learning Approaches to Predict Postnatal Growth Failure in Very Low Birth Weight Infants.Yonsei medical journal · 2022Article
- Neonatal and Long-Term Prognosis of Monochorionic Diamniotic Pregnancies Complicated by Selective Growth Restriction.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Prediction of Postnatal Growth Failure among Very Low Birth Weight Infants.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Neuro-developmental outcome of a large cohort of growth discordant twins.European journal of pediatrics · 2016Article
- Gestational overgrowth and undergrowth affect neurodevelopment: similarities and differences from behavior to epigenetics.International journal of developmental neuroscience : the official journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience · 2013Review
- Outcomes of small for gestational age infants born at <27 weeks' gestation.The Journal of pediatrics · 2013Article
- Discordance in neonatal risk factors and early childhood outcomes of very low birth weight (<1.5 kg) twins.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2013Article
- Article
- Neonatal anthropometric charts: what they are, what they are not.Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition · 2007Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSmall for gestational age (SGA) extremely low birthweight (ELBW < 1000 g) survivors often remain small and/or have subnormal school performance. Some are twins/triplets with larger appropriate size for gestational age (AGA) co-twins/triplets.
objectiveTo assess whether SGA ELBW twins/triplets remain different from their AGA co-twins/triplets. DESIGN,
settingDuring 1981-1999, 353 SGA ELBW neonates were admitted to our neonatal intensive care unit: 267 survived, 54/267 were twins/triplets, and 36/54 had AGA surviving co-twins/triplets. This longitudinal study describes the growth, neurodevelopmental outcome, and school performance of these 36 sets (3-17 years). The children were classified as normal, or having minor, moderate, or severe deficiencies.
resultsValues for birth weight (mean intrapair z score difference 2.26), length (2.74), and head circumference (2.62) were lower in SGA neonates than in AGA co-twins/triplets. SGA survivors remained smaller at 3-6 years of age: mean intrapair z score difference in weight, 1.37, height, 1.54, head circumference, 1.21. From 6 to 17 years, smaller differences persisted. Former SGA children had a tendency to have motor deficiencies (nine SGA v three AGA) and mental retardation (seven v four), same hearing loss (two v two), but significantly more visual abnormalities (15 v 11), behavioural disturbances (14 v five), and speech problems (14 v eight). Twenty four sets were in the same normal level class, often supported by familial/professional help.
conclusionsAlthough raised in the same environment, SGA ELBW survivors remained smaller and had more visual/behavioural/speech problems, but most maintained grade level parity with their AGA siblings, with appropriate help.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.