Evidence map›Paper›PMID 15209608›Full record

ArticleJournal of general internal medicine2004

Development and validation of a clinical prediction rule for angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-induced cough.

Takeshi Morimoto, Tejal K Gandhi, Julie M Fiskio, Andrew C Seger, Joseph W So, E Francis Cook, Tsuguya Fukui, David W Bates

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of general internal medicine, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
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  3. Review
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  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Factors affecting the development of adverse drug reactions (Review article).Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2014
    Review
  9. Factors that favor the occurrence of cough in patients treated with ramipril--a pharmacoepidemiological study.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2012
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. The place for ACE inhibitors.Journal of general internal medicine · 2004
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Takeshi MorimotoDivision of General Internal Medicine and Primary Care, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Tejal K Gandhi
Julie M Fiskio
Andrew C Seger
Joseph W So
E Francis Cook
Tsuguya Fukui
David W Bates

Funding

AHRQ HHS R01-HS11169AHRQ HHS U18 HS011169
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAngiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors are effective for many cardiovascular diseases and are widely prescribed, but cough sometimes necessitates their withdrawal.

objectiveTo develop and validate a model that predicts, by using information available at first prescription, whether a patient will develop cough within 6 months.

designRetrospective cohort study with derivation and validation sets.

settingOutpatient clinics affiliated with an urban tertiary care hospital. PATIENTS: Clinical data were collected from electronic charts. The derivation set included 1125 patients and the validation set included 567 patients.

interventionsNone. MEASUREMENTS: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-induced cough assessed by predetermined criteria.

resultsIn the total cohort, 12% of patients developed angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-induced cough. Independent multivariate predictors of cough were older age, female gender, non-African American (with East Asian having highest risk), no history of previous angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor use, and history of cough due to another angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. Patients with a history of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-induced cough were 29 times more likely to develop a cough than those without this history. These factors were used to develop a model stratifying patients into 4 risk groups. In the derivation set, low-risk, average-risk, intermediate-risk, and high-risk groups had a 6%, 9%, 22%, and 55% probability of cough, respectively. In the validation set, 4%, 14%, 20%, and 60% of patients in these 4 groups developed cough, respectively.

conclusionsThis model may help clinicians predict the likelihood of a particular patient developing cough from an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor at the time of prescribing, and may also assist with subsequent clinical decisions.

Indexed as

ForecastingAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsCardiovascular DiseasesCohort StudiesCoughDecision MakingFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisReproducibility of ResultsRisk FactorsTime FactorsAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors

Identifiers

PMID15209608
PMCPMC1492376

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.