ArticleImmunology2004
Toll-like receptor (TLR) expression and TLR-mediated cytokine/chemokine production by human uterine epithelial cells.
Article in Immunology, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 131 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
131 citing papers in PubMed, 331 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mucosal immunity: mechanism and application in cancer immunotherapy.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2026Review
- The maternal immune response to semen: implications for reproductive success in livestock.Reproduction & fertility · 2026Review
- Beyond the Barrier: Epithelial Cells as Immune Sentinels in the Female Genital Tract.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026Review
- Alprazolam Reduces Inflammatory Cytokine Production in Pancreatic Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts.Cancer research communications · 2026Article
- Innate Immune Protection Against HIV in the Female Genital Tract.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026Review
- Innate immune system for a crosstalk of sperm-egg-uterine epithelium towards fertility: Toll-like receptor 2 as a physiological sensor.The Journal of reproduction and development · 2026Review
- Characterisation of seminal plasma-derived mediators involved in PMN evasion of ram spermatozoaFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Evaluating theFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Seminal fluid effects on female reproductive function in laboratory, livestock, and domestic species.The Journal of reproduction and development · 2026Review
- Bioengineering approaches to trained immunity: Physiologic targets and therapeutic strategies.eLife · 2025Review
- Social, microbial, and immune factors linking bacterial vaginosis and infectious diseases.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Review
- The possible pathogenic mechanisms of microorganisms in infertility: a narrative review.Archives of microbiology · 2025Review
- Interactions Between Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Cattle: Aspects of Pathogenesis and Immunity.Viruses · 2024Review
- Stage-specific expression of Toll-like receptors in the seminiferous epithelium of mouse testis.Histochemistry and cell biology · 2024Article
- Ovarian sex steroid and epithelial control of immune responses in the uterus and oviduct: human and animal models†.Biology of reproduction · 2024Article
- Functional properties of Ganoderma lucidum supplementation in canine nutrition.Journal of animal science · 2024Article
- Glycyrrhizin inhibits LPS-induced inflammatory responses in goat ruminal epithelial cells in vitro.BMC molecular and cell biology · 2023Article
- The role of CD180 in hematological malignancies and inflammatory disorders.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2023Review
- TLRs: Innate Immune Sentries against SARS-CoV-2 Infection.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Application ofLife (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
71 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the expression of toll-like receptors (TLRs) by the uterine epithelial cell line ECC-1 and to determine if stimulation of the expressed TLRs induces changes in cytokine and/or chemokine secretion. The expression of TLR1 to TLR9 by ECC-1 cells was demonstrated by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, with only TLR10 not being expressed. Stimulation of ECC-1 cells using agonists to TLR2, TLR4 and TLR5 induced the expression of the chemokines interleukin-8 (IL-8) and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), as well as the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6, and occurred in a dose-dependent manner. In response to zymosan and flagellin, pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) that are recognized by TLR2 and TLR5 respectively, ECC-1 cells secreted significantly more IL-8, MCP-1 and IL-6 than in response to other TLR agonists. In contrast, agonists to TLR3, TLR7, and TLR9 had no effect on the secretion of the 13 cytokines or chemokines analysed. These results indicate that uterine epithelial cells are important sentinels of the innate immune system. Further it indicates that all but one of the known TLRs are expressed by ECC-1 cells and that stimulation through specific TLRs mediates changes in the expression of key chemokines and pro-inflammatory cytokines that aid in the defence of the uterus against potential pathogens.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.