ArticleThe Pediatric infectious disease journal2004
Predictors of early mortality in a cohort of human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected african children.
Article in The Pediatric infectious disease journal, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers.
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Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed, 120 citations in OpenAlex.
- Brief Report: Cofactors of Mortality Among Hospitalized HIV-Infected Children Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy in Kenya.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2019Trial
- Comparison of developmental milestone attainment in early treated HIV-infected infants versus HIV-unexposed infants: a prospective cohort study.BMC pediatrics · 2017Trial
- Determining an optimal testing strategy for infants at risk for mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 during the late postnatal period.AIDS (London, England) · 2008Trial
- 18-month occurrence of severe events among early diagnosed HIV-infected children before antiretroviral therapy in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire: a cohort study.BMC public health · 2008Trial
- Early response to highly active antiretroviral therapy in HIV-1-infected Kenyan children.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2007Trial
- Care for the Caregiver: How Caregiver Mortality Affects Treatment Outcomes-An Observational Cohort Study.AIDS and behavior · 2025Observational
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- Retrospective cohort analysis of survival of children living with HIV/AIDS in Mumbai, India.BMJ open · 2021Article
- Maternal Diarrhea and Antibiotic Use are Associated with Increased Risk of Diarrhea among HIV-Exposed, Uninfected Infants in Kenya.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2020Article
- Examining the relationship between diarrhea and linear growth in Kenyan HIV-exposed, uninfected infants.PloS one · 2020Article
- Birth size and early pneumonia predict linear growth among HIV-exposed uninfected infants.Maternal & child nutrition · 2019Article
- Toll-like receptor 9 polymorphism is associated with increased Epstein-Barr virus and Cytomegalovirus acquisition in HIV-exposed infants.AIDS (London, England) · 2018Article
- The Effect of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Cytomegalovirus Infection on Infant Responses to Vaccines: A Review.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Predictors of Mortality and Mortality Rate in a Cohort of Children Living with HIV from India.Indian journal of pediatrics · 2016Article
- Viral Evolution and Cytotoxic T Cell Restricted Selection in Acute Infant HIV-1 Infection.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Seroprevalence of CMV, HSV-2 and HBV among HIV-Infected Malawian Children: A Cross-sectional Survey.Journal of tropical pediatrics · 2016Article
- Active tracking of rejected dried blood samples in a large program in Nigeria.World journal of virology · 2016Article
- Obstetrical, maternal characteristics and outcome of HIV-infected rapid progressor infants at Yaounde: a retrospective study.Translational pediatrics · 2016Article
- The need for second-line antiretroviral therapy in adults in sub-Saharan Africa up to 2030: a mathematical modelling study.The lancet. HIV · 2016Article
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPediatric human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection follows a bimodal clinical course with rapid progression in 10-45% of children before the age of 2 years and slower progression in the remainder. A prospective observational study was undertaken to determine predictors of mortality in HIV-1-infected African infants during the first 2 years of life.
methodsInfants in a perinatal cohort identified to be HIV-1-infected by DNA PCR were followed monthly to 1 year, then quarterly to 2 years or death.
resultsAmong 62 HIV-1-infected infants, infection occurred by the age of 1 month in 56 (90%) infants, and 32 (52%) died at median age of 6.2 months. All infant deaths were caused by infectious diseases, most frequently pneumonia (75%) and diarrhea (41%). Univariate predictors of infant mortality included maternal CD4 count <200 cells/microl [hazard ratio (HR), 3.4; P = 0.008], maternal anemia (HR = 3.7; P = 0.005), delivery complications (HR = 2.7; P = 0.01), low birth weight (HR = 4.1; P = 0.001), weight, length and head circumference </=5th percentile at age 1 month (HR = 3.7, P = 0.003; HR = 5.8, P < 0.001; and HR = 10.4, P < 0.001, respectively), formula-feeding (HR = 4.0; P = 0.01), infant CD4% </=15% (HR = 5.5; P = 0.01), infant CD4 count <750 (HR = 9.7; P = 0.006) and maternal death (HR = 2.9, P = 0.05). In multivariate analysis, maternal CD4 count <200 (HR = 2.7; P = 0.03) and delivery complications (HR = 3.4; P = 0.005) were independently associated with infant mortality.
conclusionsAdvanced maternal HIV disease, maternal anemia, delivery complications, early growth faltering, formula-feeding and low infant CD4 were predictors of early mortality in African HIV-1-infected infants. In resource-poor settings, these predictors may be useful for early identification and treatment of high risk infants.
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