ReviewMicrobiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR2004
Infection and invasion of roots by symbiotic, nitrogen-fixing rhizobia during nodulation of temperate legumes.
Review in Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 288 papers.
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Who cites it
288 citing papers in PubMed, 897 citations in OpenAlex.
- The symbiotic interface in Pisum sativum L. and Rhizobium laguerreae interactions.Protoplasma · 2026Article
- A recently evolved Nodulin recruited by NIN for root hair rhizobial infection in Medicago truncatula.The New phytologist · 2026Article
- ESN3, a nodule-specific small peptide essential for symbiotic nitrogen fixation in Medicago truncatula.The New phytologist · 2026Article
- Direct coupling of nod factor signaling to vesicular trafficking initiates legume nodulation.Nature communications · 2026Article
- A long-distance signaling loop promotes soybean nodulation and productivity.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Complete Genome of an Alkali-Resistant Rhizobium anhuiense Symbiont of Pea Reveals Species-Specific Plasmid Fusion and Genomic Plasticity.Environmental microbiology reports · 2026Article
- Plasma membrane invaginations and their diverse cellular functions.BMC biology · 2026Review
- Rhizobial motility preference in root colonization of Medicago truncatula.The New phytologist · 2026Article
- Symbiosis-associated UMAMIT transporters required for establishing efficient nitrogen fixation in Medicago truncatula.The New phytologist · 2026Article
- Isolation of N-Fixing Bacteria from Warm-Season Pasture Grasses and the Evaluation of Nitrogen Effects on the Bacterial Communities Present inMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- Small but big player: the important role of microRNAs in legume crops.Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG · 2026Review
- Harnessing Silicon and Nanosilicon Formulations withInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Symbiosome functionality in Medicago truncatula nodules requires continuous clearing of pectins from the symbiosome space.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Morphology ofPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Uclacyanin MtUC1 Is Involved in the Regulation of Nodule Senescence in Medicago truncatula.Molecular plant pathology · 2025Article
- Time lags in the regulation of symbiotic nitrogen fixation.The New phytologist · 2025Article
- A legume cellulase required for rhizobial infection and colonization in root nodule symbiosis.Nature communications · 2025Article
- A minimized symbiotic gene set from the 1.68 Mb pSymB chromid of Sinorhizobium meliloti reveals auxiliary symbiotic loci.BMC biology · 2025Article
- Impacts of diverse undersown cover crops on seasonal soil microbial properties.FEMS microbiology ecology · 2025Article
- Plasma-activated water promotes and finely tunes arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in Lotus japonicus.BMC plant biology · 2025Article
228 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bacteria belonging to the genera Rhizobium, Mesorhizobium, Sinorhizobium, Bradyrhizobium, and Azorhizobium (collectively referred to as rhizobia) grow in the soil as free-living organisms but can also live as nitrogen-fixing symbionts inside root nodule cells of legume plants. The interactions between several rhizobial species and their host plants have become models for this type of nitrogen-fixing symbiosis. Temperate legumes such as alfalfa, pea, and vetch form indeterminate nodules that arise from root inner and middle cortical cells and grow out from the root via a persistent meristem. During the formation of functional indeterminate nodules, symbiotic bacteria must gain access to the interior of the host root. To get from the outside to the inside, rhizobia grow and divide in tubules called infection threads, which are composite structures derived from the two symbiotic partners. This review focuses on symbiotic infection and invasion during the formation of indeterminate nodules. It summarizes root hair growth, how root hair growth is influenced by rhizobial signaling molecules, infection of root hairs, infection thread extension down root hairs, infection thread growth into root tissue, and the plant and bacterial contributions necessary for infection thread formation and growth. The review also summarizes recent advances concerning the growth dynamics of rhizobial populations in infection threads.
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