SynthesisEuropean journal of epidemiology2004
The 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine. Part I. Efficacy of PPV in the elderly: a comparison of meta-analyses.
Synthesis in European journal of epidemiology, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Guidelines for the management of adult lower respiratory tract infections--full version.Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases · 2011Guideline
- Efficacy of pneumococcal vaccination in adults: a meta-analysis.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2009Pooled it
- Trial
- Immunofitness in the elderly: The role of vaccination in promoting healthy aging.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Review
- The microbiological characteristics and diagnosis ofHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Review
- Immunosenescence and inflamm-ageing in COVID-19.Ageing research reviews · 2023Review
- SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 and the Ageing Immune System.Nature aging · 2021Article
- Illness representations on pneumonia and pneumococcal vaccination uptake among community-living Chinese people with high-risk conditions aged ≥65 years --- a population-based study.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2021Article
- Facilitators and barriers to completing recommended doses of pneumococcal vaccination among community-living individuals aged ≥65 years in Hong Kong - a population-based study.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2021Article
- Overcoming immune dysfunction in the elderly: trained immunity as a novel approach.International immunology · 2020Review
- The Association between Influenza and Pneumococcal Vaccinations and SARS-Cov-2 Infection: Data from the EPICOVID19 Web-Based Survey.Vaccines · 2020Article
- Cost-effectiveness of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in adults in Portugal versus "no vaccination" and versus vaccination with the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2019Article
- Effectiveness of 23-Valent Polysaccharide Pneumococcal Vaccine and Changes in Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Incidence from 2000 to 2017 in Those Aged 65 and Over in England and Wales.EClinicalMedicine · 2018Article
- Progress toward a group B streptococcal vaccine.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2018Article
- Aging of the immune system: Focus on inflammation and vaccination.European journal of immunology · 2016Review
- Article
- Pneumococcal Vaccination in High-Risk Individuals: Are We Doing It Right?Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2016Review
- Invasive Bacterial Diseases in Northern Canada, 2006-2013.Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2016Article
- Determinants of tetanus, pneumococcal and influenza vaccination in the elderly: a representative cross-sectional study on knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP).BMC public health · 2016Article
- Prevalence and impact of Streptococcus pneumoniae in adult cystic fibrosis patients: a retrospective chart review and capsular serotyping study.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A 23-valent polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine (PPV) has been available in the UK for more than 20 years and is currently recommended for use in high-risk groups (HRG) of 2+ years of age. The degree of protection afforded by the PPV remains a critical issue, although a number of randomised clinical trials and case-control studies (CCS) have been published. The aim of this work is to review the estimates on the efficacy of PPV against pneumococcal pneumonia and invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in the elderly and to perform a meta-analysis in order to obtain a pooled estimate of the level of protection in high and low risk individuals. These two groups of individuals are at the centre of the current debate on whether or not to extend the vaccination programme to all elderly individuals 65+. Only randomised and quasi-randomised studies are included in the analysis and results are compared with previous meta-analyses. The effect of the inclusion of observational studies is investigated in the sensitivity analysis. When taken with the results of other meta-analyses and observational studies, it appears that PPV offers protection against IPD in the general elderly population (VE = 65%; 95% CI: -49-92%) whereas it has a moderate effect in the high-risk elderly (VE = 20%; 95% CI: -188-78%). The vaccine has little or no effect against pneumonia (VE = 16% in the general elderly and -20% in HRG).
Indexed as
Identifiers
15180106What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.