ArticleJournal of virology2004
Mutational analysis of the influenza virus cRNA promoter and identification of nucleotides critical for replication.
Article in Journal of virology, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- Positive Regulation of Cellular Proteins by Influenza Virus for Productive Infection.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Developments in Negative-Strand RNA Virus Reverse Genetics.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Natural History of Influenza B Virus-Current Knowledge on Treatment, Resistance and Therapeutic Options.Current issues in molecular biology · 2023Review
- Examples of Structural Motifs in Viral Genomes and Approaches for RNA Structure Characterization.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Determination of the vRNA and cRNA promoter activity by M segment-specific non-coding nucleotides of influenza A virus.RNA biology · 2021Article
- Review
- Structural and Functional Motifs in Influenza Virus RNAs.Frontiers in microbiology · 2018Review
- Article
- Single-molecule FRET reveals the pre-initiation and initiation conformations of influenza virus promoter RNA.Nucleic acids research · 2016Article
- Influenza virus RNA polymerase: insights into the mechanisms of viral RNA synthesis.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2016Review
- Influenza virus activation of the interferon system.Virus research · 2015Review
- Activation of the interferon induction cascade by influenza a viruses requires viral RNA synthesis and nuclear export.Journal of virology · 2014Article
- Identification of conserved RNA secondary structures at influenza B and C splice sites reveals similarities and differences between influenza A, B, and C.BMC research notes · 2014Article
- Chimeric NP non coding regions between type A and C influenza viruses reveal their role in translation regulation.PloS one · 2014Article
- Impact of the segment-specific region of the 3'-untranslated region of the influenza A virus PB1 segment on protein expression.Virus genes · 2013Article
- The RNA-binding domain of influenzavirus non-structural protein-1 cooperatively binds to virus-specific RNA sequences in a structure-dependent manner.Nucleic acids research · 2013Article
- The Panhandle formed by influenza A and C virus NS non-coding regions determines NS segment expression.PloS one · 2013Article
- The influenza A segment 7 mRNA 3' splice site pseudoknot/hairpin family.RNA biology · 2012Article
- Incoming influenza A virus evades early host recognition, while influenza B virus induces interferon expression directly upon entry.Journal of virology · 2012Article
- Signatures of host mRNA 5' terminus for efficient hantavirus cap snatching.Journal of virology · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Replication of the influenza A virus virion RNA (vRNA) requires the synthesis of full-length cRNA, which in turn is used as a template for the synthesis of more vRNA. A "corkscrew" secondary-structure model of the cRNA promoter has been proposed recently. However the data in support of that model were indirect, since they were derived from measurement, by use of a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter in 293T cells, of mRNA levels from a modified cRNA promoter rather than the authentic cRNA promoter found in influenza A viruses. Here we measured steady-state cRNA and vRNA levels from a CAT reporter in 293T cells, directly measuring the replication of the authentic influenza A virus wild-type cRNA promoter. We found that (i) base pairing between the 5' and 3' ends and (ii) base pairing in the stems of both the 5' and 3' hairpin loops of the cRNA promoter were required for in vivo replication. Moreover, nucleotides in the tetraloop at positions 4, 5, and 7 and nucleotides forming the 2-9 base pair of the 3' hairpin loop were crucial for promoter activity in vivo. However, the 3' hairpin loop was not required for polymerase binding in vitro. Overall, our results suggest that the corkscrew secondary-structure model is required for authentic cRNA promoter activity in vivo, although the precise role of the 3' hairpin loop remains unknown.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.