Evidence map›Paper›PMID 15159366›Full record

Trial reportCMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne2004

The Canadian Adverse Events Study: the incidence of adverse events among hospital patients in Canada.

G Ross Baker, Peter G Norton, Virginia Flintoft, Régis Blais, Adalsteinn Brown, Jafna Cox, Ed Etchells, William A Ghali, Philip Hébert, Sumit R Majumdar and 5 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readClinical TrialMulticenter StudyRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06576661 (Evaluation of the LithoVue Elite Ureteroscope With Intra-Renal Pressure Monitoring Technology), which is not on this map. Cited by 509 papers, 14 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
509citing papers in PubMed, 14 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06576661 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Evaluation of the LithoVue Elite Ureteroscope With Intra-Renal Pressure Monitoring Technology: Examination of Surgeon Behavior and Post-operative Outcomes

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterRan2025 to 2026Enrolled80ConditionsKidney Stone, NephrolithiasisArmsINTRARENAL PRESSURE MONITORING VISIBLE
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

509 citing papers in PubMed, 14 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Predictive values of trigger tools for identifying adverse events in hospitalized patients using a medical record review: a systematic review.International journal for quality in health care : journal of the International Society for Quality in Health Care · 2025
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  3. Reducing medication errors for adults in hospital settings.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021
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449 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

G Ross BakerDepartment of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, McMurrich Building Room 2031, 12 Queen's Park Crescent West, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada. ross.baker@utoronto.ca
Peter G Norton
Virginia Flintoft
Régis Blais
Adalsteinn Brown
Jafna Cox
Ed Etchells
William A Ghali
Philip Hébert
Sumit R Majumdar
Maeve O'Beirne
Luz Palacios-Derflingher
Robert J Reid
Sam Sheps
Robyn Tamblyn

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundResearch into adverse events (AEs) has highlighted the need to improve patient safety. AEs are unintended injuries or complications resulting in death, disability or prolonged hospital stay that arise from health care management. We estimated the incidence of AEs among patients in Canadian acute care hospitals.

methodsWe randomly selected 1 teaching, 1 large community and 2 small community hospitals in each of 5 provinces (British Columbia, Alberta, Ontario, Quebec and Nova Scotia) and reviewed a random sample of charts for nonpsychiatric, nonobstetric adult patients in each hospital for the fiscal year 2000. Trained reviewers screened all eligible charts, and physicians reviewed the positively screened charts to identify AEs and determine their preventability.

resultsAt least 1 screening criterion was identified in 1527 (40.8%) of 3745 charts. The physician reviewers identified AEs in 255 of the charts. After adjustment for the sampling strategy, the AE rate was 7.5 per 100 hospital admissions (95% confidence interval [CI] 5.7- 9.3). Among the patients with AEs, events judged to be preventable occurred in 36.9% (95% CI 32.0%-41.8%) and death in 20.8% (95% CI 7.8%-33.8%). Physician reviewers estimated that 1521 additional hospital days were associated with AEs. Although men and women experienced equal rates of AEs, patients who had AEs were significantly older than those who did not (mean age [and standard deviation] 64.9 [16.7] v. 62.0 [18.4] years; p = 0.016).

interpretationThe overall incidence rate of AEs of 7.5% in our study suggests that, of the almost 2.5 million annual hospital admissions in Canada similar to the type studied, about 185 000 are associated with an AE and close to 70 000 of these are potentially preventable.

Indexed as

CanadaHealth Facility SizeHospital MortalityHospitals, CommunityHospitals, TeachingHumansIatrogenic DiseaseIncidenceLength of StayMedical AuditMedical ErrorsPatient AdmissionPatient AdvocacySafety Management

Identifiers

PMID15159366
PMCPMC408508

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.