ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2004
A gene cluster for secondary metabolism in oat: implications for the evolution of metabolic diversity in plants.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 111 papers.
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111 citing papers in PubMed, 313 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Biosynthesis and functions of triterpenoids in cereals.Journal of advanced research · 2025Review
- The ins and outs of plant specialized metabolite gene organization.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Integrated Metabolomics and Transcriptomics Analysis Reveals New Insights into Triterpene Biosynthesis inPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- A century of studying plant secondary metabolism-From "what?" to "where, how, and why?"Plant physiology · 2024Review
- Tomato root specialized metabolites evolved through gene duplication and regulatory divergence within a biosynthetic gene cluster.Science advances · 2024Article
- The Chemical Ecology of Plant Natural Products.Progress in the chemistry of organic natural products · 2024Review
- Genetic basis and selection of glyceollin elicitation in wild soybean.Frontiers in plant science · 2024Article
- Characterization of the horse chestnut genome reveals the evolution of aescin and aesculin biosynthesis.Nature communications · 2023Article
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- Uncovering a miltiradiene biosynthetic gene cluster in the Lamiaceae reveals a dynamic evolutionary trajectory.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Rice Phytoalexins: Half a Century of Amazing Discoveries; Part I: Distribution, Biosynthesis, Chemical Synthesis, and Biological Activities.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Unraveling the evolutionary dynamics of theFrontiers in plant science · 2023Article
- Identification of a novel multifunctional oxidosqualene cyclase fromSynthetic and systems biotechnology · 2022Article
- Functional diversity and metabolic engineering of plant-specialized metabolites.Life metabolism · 2022Review
- Integrative omics approaches for biosynthetic pathway discovery in plants.Natural product reports · 2022Review
- Combinatorial Biosynthesis of Terpenoids through Mixing-and-Matching Sesquiterpene Cyclase and Cytochrome P450 Pairs.Organic letters · 2022Article
- Using interdisciplinary, phylogeny-guided approaches to understand the evolution of plant metabolism.Plant molecular biology · 2022Review
51 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The evolution of the ability to synthesize specialized metabolites is likely to have been key for survival and diversification of different plant species. Oats (Avena spp.) produce antimicrobial triterpenoids (avenacins) that protect against disease. The oat beta-amyrin synthase gene AsbAS1, which encodes the first committed enzyme in the avenacin biosynthetic pathway, is clearly distinct from other plant beta-amyrin synthases. Here we show that AsbAS1 has arisen by duplication and divergence of a cycloartenol synthase-like gene, and that its properties have been refined since the divergence of oats and wheat. Strikingly, we have also found that AsbAS1 is clustered with other genes required for distinct steps in avenacin biosynthesis in a region of the genome that is not conserved in other cereals. Because the components of this gene cluster are required for at least four clearly distinct enzymatic processes (2,3-oxidosqualene cyclization, beta-amyrin oxidation, glycosylation, and acylation), it is unlikely that the cluster has arisen as a consequence of duplication of a common ancestor. Although clusters of paralogous genes are common in plants (e.g., gene clusters for rRNA and specific disease resistance), reports of clusters of genes that do not share sequence relatedness and whose products contribute to a single selectable function are rare [Gierl, A. & Frey, M. (2001) Planta 213, 493-498]. Taken together, our evidence has important implications for the generation of metabolic diversity in plants.
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