ArticleThe British journal of ophthalmology2004
Thyroid associated ophthalmopathy: evidence for CD4(+) gammadelta T cells; de novo differentiation of RFD7(+) macrophages, but not of RFD1(+) dendritic cells; and loss of gammadelta and alphabeta T cell receptor expression.
Article in The British journal of ophthalmology, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploring tear fluid biomarkers and the ocular surface in thyroid eye disease.Acta ophthalmologica · 2026Article
- Article
- Advancements and challenges of ultrasound imaging in the management of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy.World journal of radiology · 2025Review
- Single-cell multiomic analysis unveils the immune landscape dynamics of graves' ophthalmopathy.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Orbital Clinicopathological Differences in Thyroid Eye Disease: An Analysis of Cytokines With Histopathological and Clinical Correlation.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Potential involvement of the bone marrow in experimental Graves' disease and thyroid eye disease.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Cytokines in Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy.Journal of immunology research · 2022Review
- Mechanisms That Underly T Cell Immunity in Graves' Orbitopathy.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Review
- Percentage of Myeloid Dendritic Cells in Peripheral Venous Blood Is Negatively Related to Incidence of Graves' Orbitopathy.Mediators of inflammation · 2021Article
- Gypenosides Protect Orbital Fibroblasts in Graves Ophthalmopathy via Anti-Inflammation and Anti-Fibrosis Effects.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2020Article
- Immunohistochemical analysis of human orbital tissue in Graves' orbitopathy.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2020Review
- Immunological Features of Paranasal Sinus Mucosa in Patients with Graves' Orbitopathy.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2020Article
- Research on the Potential Mechanism of Gypenosides on Treating Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy Based on Network Pharmacology.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2019Article
- Macrophages promote a profibrotic phenotype in orbital fibroblasts through increased hyaluronic acid production and cell contractility.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- The involvement of T cell pathogenesis in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy.Eye (London, England) · 2019Article
- Molecular biomarkers of Graves' ophthalmopathy.Experimental and molecular pathology · 2019Review
- Association of T and B Cells Infiltrating Orbital Tissues With Clinical Features of Graves Orbitopathy.JAMA ophthalmology · 2018Article
- MicroRNA-146a contributes to CD4American journal of translational research · 2017Article
- Development of a Novel Thyroid Function Fluctuated Animal Model for Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy.PloS one · 2016Article
- Blood-aqueous barrier integrity in patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO), before and after rehabilitative surgery.Eye (London, England) · 2015Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimTo characterise periorbital immune cells (stages, kinetics) in active and inactive thyroid associated ophthalmopathy (A-TAO; I-TAO).
methodsIn orbital tissue cryosections of patients with A-TAO (n = 15), I-TAO (n = 11), and healthy controls (n = 14), adipose and fibrovascular areas were evaluated for MHC II(+) cells, CD45(+) total leukocytes, myeloid cells (CD33(+) monocytes; CD14(+) macrophages; mature RFD7(+) macrophages; RFD1(+) dendritic cells (DCs)), and lymphoid cells (CD4(+) T cells; alphabeta and gammadelta T cells; CD20(+) B cells). Results are expressed as medians and 5% confidence intervals.
resultsIn fibrovascular septae, a surge of CD33(+) immigrants clearly correlating with disease activity generated significantly increased (p<0.05) percentages of CD14(+) and RFD7(+) macrophages. Intriguingly, CD4(+) cells were mostly gammadelta T cells, while alphabeta T helper cells were much less frequent. Successful treatment rendering TAO inactive apparently downregulates monocyte influx, macrophage differentiation, and T cell receptor expression. Similar trends were recorded for adipose tissue. Interestingly, RFD1(+) DCs were completely absent from all conditions examined.
conclusionA-TAO coincides with periorbital monocyte infiltration and de novo differentiation of macrophages, but not DCs. The authors discuss a novel potential role for inflammatory CD4(+) gammadelta T cells in TAO. Successful treatment apparently downregulates orbital monocyte recruitment and effects functional T cell knockout.
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