ArticleJournal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry2004
Risk and protective effects of the APOE gene towards Alzheimer's disease in the Kungsholmen project: variation by age and sex.
Article in Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 111 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genetic counseling and testing for Alzheimer disease: joint practice guidelines of the American College of Medical Genetics and the National Society of Genetic Counselors.Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics · 2011Guideline
- Cardiovascular risk factors and incident Alzheimer disease: a systematic review of the literature.Alzheimer disease and associated disordersPooled it
- Deviations from additivity in APOE4-mediated late-onset Alzheimer's disease risk across races and ethnicities.Human genetics · 2026Article
- Racial and ethnic differences in plasma biomarker eligibility for a preclinical Alzheimer's disease trial.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Article
- The Potential of a Stratified Approach to Drug Repurposing in Alzheimer's Disease.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Volumetric distribution of perivascular space in relation to mild cognitive impairment.Neurobiology of aging · 2021Article
- A Twin Study of Sex Differences in Genetic Risk for All Dementia, Alzheimer's Disease (AD), and Non-AD Dementia.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2020Article
- APOE4 Status is Related to Differences in Memory-Related Brain Function in Asymptomatic Older Adults with Family History of Alzheimer's Disease: Baseline Analysis of the PREVENT-AD Task Functional MRI Dataset.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2020Observational
- APOE2 orchestrated differences in transcriptomic and lipidomic profiles of postmortem AD brain.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2019Article
- Incidence of dementia after age 90 in a multiracial cohort.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2019Article
- Prediction models for dementia and neuropathology in the oldest old: the Vantaa 85+ cohort study.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2019Article
- The Role of ApoE Polymorphism in the Relationship between Serum Steroid Hormone Levels and Cognition in Older Chinese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2018Article
- Age stratification corrects bias in estimated hazard ofAlzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.) · 2018Article
- APOE-related risk of mild cognitive impairment and dementia for prevention trials: An analysis of four cohorts.PLoS medicine · 2017Article
- Rare Genetic Variant in SORL1 May Increase Penetrance of Alzheimer's Disease in a Family with Several Generations of APOE-ɛ4 Homozygosity.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2017Article
- APOE ε4 allele modifies the association of lead exposure with age-related cognitive decline in older individuals.Environmental research · 2016Article
- Age, APOE and sex: Triad of risk of Alzheimer's disease.The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology · 2016Review
- Associations between APOE polymorphisms and seven diseases with cognitive impairment including Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal dementia, and dementia with Lewy bodies in southeast China.Psychiatric genetics · 2016Article
- Risk Prediction Modeling of Sequencing Data Using a Forward Random Field Method.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Human ApoE Isoforms Differentially Modulate Glucose and Amyloid Metabolic Pathways in Female Brain: Evidence of the Mechanism of Neuroprotection by ApoE2 and Implications for Alzheimer's Disease Prevention and Early Intervention.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe risk effect of APOE epsilon 4 allele for Alzheimer's disease is acknowledged, whereas the putative protective effect of epsilon 2 allele remains in debate.
objectivesTo investigate whether those inconsistent findings may be attributable to differences in age and sex composition of the study populations.
methodsA community dementia free cohort (n = 985) aged > or =75 years was followed up to detect Alzheimer's disease cases (DSM-III-R criteria). Data were analysed using Cox models with adjustment for major potential confounders.
resultsOver a median 5.6 year follow up, Alzheimer's disease was diagnosed in 206 subjects. Compared with APOE epsilon 3/epsilon 3 genotype, the relative risk (RR) of Alzheimer's disease was 1.4 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.0 to 2.0; p = 0.03) for heterozygous epsilon 4 allele and 3.1 (95% CI, 1.6 to 5.9) for homozygous epsilon 4 allele. The association between epsilon 4 allele and Alzheimer's disease risk was stronger in men than in women (RR related to the interaction term epsilon 4 allele by sex, 0.4; 95% CI, 0.2 to 0.9). The epsilon 4 allele accounted for one third of Alzheimer's disease cases among men, but only one tenth among women. The epsilon 2 allele was related to a reduced Alzheimer's disease risk mainly in people aged <85 years (RR, 0.4; 95% CI, 0.2 to 0.8). The RR of Alzheimer's disease related to the interaction term of epsilon 2 allele by age was 2.4 (95% CI, 1.0 to 6.0; p = 0.06).
conclusionsThe APOE genotype specific effects on Alzheimer's disease vary by age and sex, in which the epsilon 4 allele has a stronger risk effect in men, and the epsilon 2 allele confers a protective effect only in younger-old people.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.