ArticleJournal of virology2004
Differential effects of interleukin-7 and interleukin-15 on NK cell anti-human immunodeficiency virus activity.
Article in Journal of virology, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Physical activity and glioblastoma: a paradigm shift in neuro-oncology therapy.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Potential of interleukin-7 in sepsis as a biomarker and therapeutic agent: a narrative review.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- CD8Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Immunosuppressive Microenvironment in H3K27 Mutant Pediatric Diffuse Midline Glioma: Single-Cell and Bioinformatics Insights on CD8A, IL7R, and ICAM1.Current medicinal chemistry · 2025Article
- Can Exercise Enhance the Efficacy of Checkpoint Inhibition by Modulating Anti-Tumor Immunity?Cancers · 2023Review
- The Role of IL-7 and IL-7R in Cancer Pathophysiology and Immunotherapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Engagement of TRAIL triggers degranulation and IFNγ production in human natural killer cells.EMBO reports · 2022Article
- Differences in Expression of Selected Interleukins in HIV-Infected Subjects Undergoing Antiretroviral Therapy.Viruses · 2022Article
- Interleukin-7 Biology and Its Effects on Immune Cells: Mediator of Generation, Differentiation, Survival, and Homeostasis.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Interleukin (IL)-7 Signaling in the Tumor Microenvironment.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2021Article
- TRAILshort Protects against CD4 T Cell Death during Acute HIV Infection.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2019Article
- Small molecule ONC201 inhibits HIV-1 replication in macrophages via FOXO3a and TRAIL.Antiviral research · 2019Article
- The TRAIL: TRAILshort Axis in HIV Immunopathology.Critical reviews in immunology · 2018Review
- IL15 Infusion of Cancer Patients Expands the Subpopulation of Cytotoxic CD56Cancer immunology research · 2017Article
- CD56Journal of leukocyte biology · 2017Article
- Maintenance of the HIV Reservoir Is Antagonized by Selective BCL2 Inhibition.Journal of virology · 2017Article
- S100A9 Tetramers, Which are Ligands of CD85j, Increase the Ability of MVAHIV-Primed NK Cells to Control HIV Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2015Article
- Slow turnover of HIV-1 receptors on quiescent CD4+ T cells causes prolonged surface retention of gp120 immune complexes in vivo.PloS one · 2014Article
- Diverse interleukin-7 mRNA transcripts in Chinese tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri chinensis).PloS one · 2014Article
- Altering cell death pathways as an approach to cure HIV infection.Cell death & disease · 2013Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The ability of interleukin-7 (IL-7) and IL-15 to expand and/or augment effector cell functions may be of therapeutic benefit to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. The functional effects of these cytokines on innate HIV-specific immunity and their impact on cells harboring HIV are unknown. We demonstrate that both IL-7 and IL-15 augment natural killer (NK) function by using cells (CD3(-) CD16(+) CD56(+)) from both HIV-positive and -negative donors. Whereas IL-7 enhances NK function through upregulation of Fas ligand, the effect of IL-15 is mediated through upregulation of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand. The difference in these effector mechanisms is reflected by the ability of IL-15-treated but not IL-7-treated NK cells to reduce the burden of replication-competent HIV in autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) (infectious units per million for control NK cells, 6.79; for IL-7-treated NK cells, 236.17; for IL-15-treated cells, 1.01; P = 0.01 versus control). In addition, the treatment of PBMC with IL-15-treated but not IL-7-treated NK cells causes undetectable HIV p24 (five of five cases), HIV RNA (five of five cases), or HIV DNA (three of five cases). These results support the concept of adjuvant immunotherapy of HIV infection with either IL-7 or IL-15 but suggest that the NK-mediated antiviral effect of IL-15 may be superior.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.