ReviewNeurochemical research2004
Multiple actions of the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 Tat protein on microglial cell functions.
Review in Neurochemical research, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neuroinflammatory and Neurodegenerative Roles of HIV-1 Tat: A Review of Recent Evidence.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Human immunodeficiency virus-1 Tat exerts its neurotoxic effects by downregulating Sonic hedgehog signaling.Journal of neurovirology · 2022Article
- Amyloidogenic, neuroinflammatory and memory dysfunction effects of HIV-1 gp120.Archives of pharmacal research · 2021Article
- Alzheimer's disease-like perturbations in HIV-mediated neuronal dysfunctions: understanding mechanisms and developing therapeutic strategies.Open biology · 2020Review
- The Glutamate System as a Crucial Regulator of CNS Toxicity and Survival of HIV Reservoirs.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020Review
- HIV-1 Tat-mediated microglial inflammation involves a novel miRNA-34a-NLRC5-NFκB signaling axis.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2019Article
- Epigenetic Promoter DNA Methylation of miR-124 Promotes HIV-1 Tat-Mediated Microglial Activation via MECP2-STAT3 Axis.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2018Article
- HIV-1 TAT-mediated microglial activation: role of mitochondrial dysfunction and defective mitophagy.Autophagy · 2018Article
- HIV-1 Tat-Mediated Calcium Dysregulation and Neuronal Dysfunction in Vulnerable Brain Regions.Current drug targets · 2016Review
- Investigating the role of ankyrin-rich membrane spanning protein in human immunodeficiency virus type-1 Tat-induced microglia activation.Journal of neurovirology · 2015Article
- HIV effects on age-associated neurocognitive dysfunction: premature cognitive aging or neurodegenerative disease?Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2015Article
- Cannabinoid receptor-2 and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2014Article
- HIV-1 Tat disrupts CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis in microglia via the NF-κBYY1 pathway.Current HIV research · 2014Article
- Roles and functions of HIV-1 Tat protein in the CNS: an overview.Virology journal · 2013Review
- Nonmuscle myosin light-chain kinase mediates microglial migration induced by HIV Tat: involvement of β1 integrins.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2013Article
- CB2 receptor agonists protect human dopaminergic neurons against damage from HIV-1 gp120.PloS one · 2013Article
- Expression of human endogenous retrovirus type K (HML-2) is activated by the Tat protein of HIV-1.Journal of virology · 2012Article
- Hormone replacement therapy and risk for neurodegenerative diseases.International journal of Alzheimer's disease · 2012Article
- Immunomodulatory properties of kappa opioids and synthetic cannabinoids in HIV-1 neuropathogenesis.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2011Review
- HIV-1 Tat activates indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase in murine organotypic hippocampal slice cultures in a p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase-dependent manner.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) regulatory protein Tat is produced in the early phase of infection and is essential for virus replication. Together with other viral products, Tat has been implicated in the pathogenesis of HIV-1-associated dementia (HAD). As HIV-1 infection in the brain is very limited and macrophage/microglial cells are the only cellular type productively infected by the virus, it has been proposed that many of the viral neurotoxic effects are mediated by microglial products. We and others have shown that Tat affects the functional state of microglial cells, supporting the hypothesis that activated microglia play a role in the neuropathology associated with HIV-1 infection. This review describes the experimental evidence indicating that Tat stimulates microglia to synthesize potentially neurotoxic molecules, including proinflammatory cytokines and free radicals, and interferes with molecular mechanisms controlling cAMP levels, intracellular [Ca2+], and ion channel expression.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.