ArticleBMC biology2004
Evaluation of developmental phenotypes produced by morpholino antisense targeting of a sea urchin Runx gene.
Article in BMC biology, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Muscle Regeneration in Holothurians without the Upregulation of Muscle Genes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Innate Immune Response and Off-Target Mis-splicing Are Common Morpholino-Induced Side Effects in Xenopus.Developmental cell · 2018Article
- Number of inadvertent RNA targets for morpholino knockdown in Danio rerio is largely underestimated: evidence from the study of Ser/Arg-rich splicing factors.Nucleic acids research · 2017Article
- An Elk transcription factor is required for Runx-dependent survival signaling in the sea urchin embryo.Developmental biology · 2016Article
- Sea urchin akt activity is Runx-dependent and required for post-cleavage stage cell division.Biology open · 2013Article
- Synthetic strategies for studying embryonic development.Chemistry & biology · 2010Review
- Preliminary study on polymorphism analysis of SpRunt-1 gene by PCR-SSCP in Strongylocentrotus intermedius and its association with growth traits.Molecular biology reports · 2010Article
- Is Runx a linchpin for developmental signaling in metazoans?Journal of cellular biochemistry · 2009Article
- The evolutionary origin of the Runx/CBFbeta transcription factors--studies of the most basal metazoans.BMC evolutionary biology · 2008Article
- Runx expression is mitogenic and mutually linked to Wnt activity in blastula-stage sea urchin embryos.PloS one · 2008Article
- Targeted inhibition of miRNA maturation with morpholinos reveals a role for miR-375 in pancreatic islet development.PLoS biology · 2007Article
- CBFbeta is a facultative Runx partner in the sea urchin embryo.BMC biology · 2006Article
- Runx-dependent expression of PKC is critical for cell survival in the sea urchin embryo.BMC biology · 2005Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRunx transcription factors are important regulators of metazoan development. The sea urchin Runx gene SpRunt was previously identified as a trans-activator of the CyIIIa actin gene, a differentiation marker of larval aboral ectoderm. Here we extend the functional analysis of SpRunt, using morpholino antisense oligonucleotides (morpholinos) to interfere with SpRunt expression in the embryo.
resultsThe developmental effects of four different SpRunt-specific morpholinos were evaluated. The two morpholinos most effective at knocking down SpRunt produce an identical mitotic catastrophe phenotype at late cleavage stage that is an artifact of coincidental mis-targeting to histone mRNA, providing a cautionary example of the insufficiency of two different morpholinos as a control for specificity. The other two morpholinos produce gastrula stage proliferation and differentiation defects that are rescued by exogenous SpRunt mRNA. The expression of 22 genes involved in cell proliferation and differentiation was analyzed in the latter embryos by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Knockdown of SpRunt was found to perturb the expression of differentiation markers in all of the major tissue territories as well as the expression of cell cycle control genes, including cyclin B and cyclin D.
conclusionsSpRunt is essential for embryonic development, and is required globally to coordinate cell proliferation and differentiation.
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