ReviewCancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII2004
Down-regulation of zeta-chain expression in T cells: a biomarker of prognosis in cancer?
Review in Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 150 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immune reconstitution after autologous hematopoietic transplantation with Lin-, CD34+, Thy-1lo selected or intact stem cell products.International immunopharmacology · 2007Trial
- Empowering exhausted T cells of Glioblastoma patients by Neurotransmitters and Neuropeptides: decreasing immune checkpoint inhibitors, and increasing CD3zeta, proliferation and Glioblastoma arrest.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2026Article
- The pro-tumorigenic roles of granzyme B: mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Evaluating tumor cell- and T cell-derived extracellular vesicles as potential biomarkers of cancer and immune cell competence.Expert review of molecular diagnostics · 2023Article
- Regulatory and effector T cell subsets in tumor-draining lymph nodes of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck.BMC immunology · 2022Article
- An In Vivo Mouse Model for Chronic Inflammation-Induced Immune Suppression: A "Factory" for Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells (MDSCs).Current protocols · 2022Article
- Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Risk Factors, Molecular Alterations, Immunology and Peptide Vaccines.International journal of peptide research and therapeutics · 2022Review
- Tumor-Derived Exosomes (TEX) and Their Role in Immuno-Oncology.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Emerging and multifaceted role of neutrophils in lung cancer.Translational lung cancer research · 2021Review
- High M-MDSC Percentage as a Negative Prognostic Factor in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia.Cancers · 2020Article
- Plasticity in Pro- and Anti-tumor Activity of Neutrophils: Shifting the Balance.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- CD247 expression is associated with differentiation and classification in ovarian cancer.Medicine · 2019Article
- Marek's Disease Virus Regulates the Ubiquitylome of Chicken CD4International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- MiR-214 regulates CD3ζ expression in T cells.Central-European journal of immunology · 2019Article
- Review
- Exosomes carrying immunoinhibitory proteins and their role in cancer.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2017Review
- Characterization of tumor-associated T-lymphocyte subsets and immune checkpoint molecules in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.Oncotarget · 2017Article
- Chronic NKG2D EngagementFrontiers in immunology · 2017Article
- Article
- Natural killer cells phenotypic characterization as an outcome predictor of HCV-linked HCC after curative treatments.Oncoimmunology · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The zeta chain is a 16-kDa molecule associated with the T-cell receptor (TCR)-CD3 complex in T lymphocytes and FcgammaRIII in CD3(-)CD56(+)CD16(+) natural killer (NK cells). The zeta chain functions as a transmembrane signaling molecule in lymphocytes. Expression of zeta was found to be decreased in CD4(+) and CD8(+) T lymphocytes isolated from the tumor site or from the peripheral circulation of patients with cancer. A quantitative flow cytometry-based assay for zeta-chain expression allows for reproducible serial evaluations of disease- or therapy-associated changes in expression of this signaling molecule in phenotypically defined subsets of immune cells. Semiquantitative evaluation of zeta expression in paraffin-embedded tissue specimens can link it to the conventional markers of prognosis or survival. Several distinct mechanisms may be responsible for decreased/absent zeta in T cells of patients with cancer. Monitoring for zeta expression is useful for assessing immune competence in these patients and for following changes in immune competence during anticancer therapies. Correlations made between clinical findings, pathologic results, and zeta expression in immune cells suggest that low/absent zeta is predictive of poor prognosis and survival in patients with cancer. Thus, zeta is emerging as a clinically relevant signaling molecule, which also seems to predict a favorable response to biologic therapies and could be helpful in a selection of patients for immunotherapy trials. Validation studies have yet to be performed for this putative immunologic biomarker. Its consistent use for monitoring under standardized conditions of cancer patients treated with biotherapies may help in confirming a role for zeta as a correlate of prognosis or survival.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.