ArticleThe American journal of pathology2004
Urease expression by Cryptococcus neoformans promotes microvascular sequestration, thereby enhancing central nervous system invasion.
Article in The American journal of pathology, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 156 papers.
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Who cites it
156 citing papers in PubMed, 285 citations in OpenAlex.
- The AP-1 adaptor complex is required for cell surface modifications and the survival ofInfection and immunity · 2026Article
- Cryptococcal Infection Across Disease Stages: Host-Pathogen Interactions, Tissue Niches, and Translational Priorities.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Investigating the therapeutic potential of the antibacterial drug nitroxoline in combating cryptococcal infection.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Review of Risk Factors and Factors Influencing Outcomes of Cryptococcal Meningitis in Persons Living with HIV.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Review
- The Pain Is in the Brain With the Sugar-Coated Killer.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Review
- Reconsidering the blood-brain barrier: histopathology and microanatomy of cryptococcal CNS infection.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2025Review
- Cryptococcus exploits delayed microglial activation, and microglial osteopontin/Spp1 impairs peripheral host control.Cell host & microbe · 2025Article
- Pathogenicity and virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans from an environmental perspective.Virulence · 2025Review
- Macropinocytosis mediates neurotropism ofResearch square · 2025Article
- Effects of simulated microgravity on biological features and virulence of the fungal pathogenApplied and environmental microbiology · 2025Article
- Neuroinflammation in fungal infections: from pathogen recognition to pathological manifestations.Disease models & mechanisms · 2025Review
- Uncovering the antifungal potential of Cannabidiol and Cannabidivarin.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- DoesFuture microbiology · 2025Article
- Cryptococcal nutrient acquisition and pathogenesis: dining on the host.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2025Review
- Insight into the Mechanisms and Clinical Relevance of Antifungal Heteroresistance.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The emergence of neuroinvasiveFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Elements of dissemination in cryptococcosis.mBio · 2024Review
- Article
- Nickel tolerance is channeled through C-4 methyl sterol oxidase Erg25 in the sterol biosynthesis pathway.PLoS genetics · 2024Article
- Mechanisms and Virulence Factors ofJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
96 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Our objective was to determine the role of the cryptococcal virulence factor urease in pulmonary-to-central nervous system, dissemination, invasion, and growth. C. neoformans H99, the urease knockout strain (ure1) derived from H99, and the urease restored strain ure1+URE1-1 were used for the studies. The absence of cryptococcal urease (ure1infection) resulted in significant protection from the high mortality observed in H99-infected mice. All H99-infected mice had extremely high cryptococcal loads in their brains at the time of death, whereas only two of six animals that died of ure1 infection had detectable C. neoformans in the brain. Histological analysis of the blood-to-brain invasion by C. neoformans H99 demonstrated wedging of the yeasts in small capillaries, altered structure of microvessel walls, formation of mucoid cysts initiated in the proximity of damaged microcapillaries, and the absence of an inflammatory response. Direct inoculation of H99, ure1, and ure1+URE1-1 into the brain demonstrated that urease was not required to grow in the brain. However, the dissemination patterns in the brain, spleen, and other organs after intravenous inoculation indicated that cryptococcal urease contributes to the central nervous system invasion by enhancing yeast sequestration within microcapillary beds (such as within the brain) during hematogenous spread, thereby facilitating blood-to-brain invasion by C. neoformans.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.