ArticleCancer gene therapy2004
Herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase/ganciclovir system in multicellular tumor spheroids.
Article in Cancer gene therapy, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Revolutionizing Cancer Treatment: Harnessing the Power of Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Precise Targeted Therapy in the Tumor Microenvironment.Current topics in medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Preclinical Evaluation of the Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus TG6002 by Translational Research on Canine Breast Cancer.Molecular therapy oncolytics · 2020Article
- Three-dimensional tumor cell cultures employed in virotherapy research.Oncolytic virotherapy · 2018Review
- An armed, YB-1-dependent oncolytic adenovirus as a candidate for a combinatorial anti-glioma approach of virotherapy, suicide gene therapy and chemotherapeutic treatment.Cancer gene therapy · 2015Article
- Interferon-β lipofection I. Increased efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs on human tumor cells derived monolayers and spheroids.Cancer gene therapy · 2012Article
- Suicide gene therapy on spontaneous canine melanoma: correlations between in vivo tumors and their derived multicell spheroids in vitro.Gene therapy · 2010Article
- 3-D tissue culture systems for the evaluation and optimization of nanoparticle-based drug carriers.Bioconjugate chemistry · 2008Review
- Suicide gene and cytokines combined nonviral gene therapy for spontaneous canine melanoma.Cancer gene therapy · 2008Article
- Cytokine-enhanced vaccine and suicide gene therapy as surgery adjuvant treatments for spontaneous canine melanoma.Gene therapy · 2008Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We have developed multicellular spheroids (MCS) established from LM05e and LM3 spontaneous Balb/c-murine mammary adenocarcinoma and B16 C57-murine melanoma derived cell lines as an in vitro model to study the efficacy of the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase/ganciclovir (HSVtk/GCV) suicide system. We demonstrated for the first time that HSVtk-expressing cells assembled as MCS manifested a GCV resistance phenotype compared to the same cells grown as sparse monolayers. HSVtk-expressing LM05e, LM3 and B16 spheroids were 16-, three- and nine-fold less sensitive to GCV than their respective monolayers, even though they could express transgenes 10-, eight- and five-fold more efficiently. Mixed populations of HSVtk- and their respective beta gal-expressing cells displayed a cell-type specific bystander effect that was higher in monolayers than in MCS. However, HSVtk-expressing cells in two- or three-dimensional cultures were always significantly more sensitive to GCV than the beta gal-expressing counterparts, supporting the feasibility of this suicide approach in vivo. We present evidence showing that HSVtk-expressing tumor cells, when transferred from monolayers to MCS, displayed: (i) lower GCV cytotoxic activity and bystander effect; (ii) higher and efficient expression of genes transferred as lipoplexes; (iii) lower cell proliferation rates; and (iv) changes in intracellular Bax/Bcl-xL rheostat of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.