ArticleBMJ (Clinical research ed.)2004
Influence of socioeconomic deprivation on the primary care burden and treatment of patients with a diagnosis of heart failure in general practice in Scotland: population based study.
Article in BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Socio-economic inequalities and heart failure morbidity and mortality: A systematic review and data synthesis.ESC heart failure · 2025Pooled it
- Place of residence and outcomes of patients with heart failure: analysis from the telemonitoring to improve heart failure outcomes trial.Circulation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes · 2014Trial
- Disease management programme for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease and heart failure in primary care: a cluster randomised controlled trial.Heart (British Cardiac Society) · 2007Trial
- Heart failure services from the hospital perspective in the UK: a cross-sectional survey.The British journal of cardiology · 2025Article
- Disparities in prevalence of heart failure between the genders in relation to age, multimorbidity and socioeconomic status in southern Sweden: a cross-sectional study.Scandinavian journal of primary health care · 2023Article
- Area Deprivation Index and Cardiac Readmissions: Evaluating Risk-Prediction in an Electronic Health Record.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2021Observational
- Non-employment and low educational level as risk factors for inequitable treatment and mortality in heart failure: a population-based cohort study of register data.BMC public health · 2021Article
- Vaccine effectiveness of live attenuated and trivalent inactivated influenza vaccination in 2010/11 to 2015/16: the SIVE II record linkage study.Health technology assessment (Winchester, England) · 2020Article
- Inequalities in heart failure care in a tax-financed universal healthcare system: a nationwide population-based cohort study.ESC heart failure · 2020Article
- 20-year trends in cause-specific heart failure outcomes by sex, socioeconomic status, and place of diagnosis: a population-based study.The Lancet. Public health · 2019Article
- Diagnostic tests, drug prescriptions, and follow-up patterns after incident heart failure: A cohort study of 93,000 UK patients.PLoS medicine · 2019Article
- Socioeconomic status and access to care and the incidence of a heart failure diagnosis in the inpatient and outpatient settings.Annals of epidemiology · 2018Article
- An electronic health records cohort study on heart failure following myocardial infarction in England: incidence and predictors.BMJ open · 2018Article
- Observational
- The Patient Centered Assessment Method (PCAM): integrating the social dimensions of health into primary care.Journal of comorbidity · 2015Article
- Spatial variation of heart failure and air pollution in Warwickshire, UK: an investigation of small scale variation at the ward-level.BMJ open · 2014Article
- The impact of insurance and socioeconomic status on outcomes for patients with left ventricular assist devices.The Journal of surgical research · 2014Article
- Article
- Risk of prostate cancer associated with benign prostate disease: a primary care case-control study.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2011Article
- Socioeconomic status, Medicaid coverage, clinical comorbidity, and rehospitalization or death after an incident heart failure hospitalization: Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities cohort (1987 to 2004).Circulation. Heart failure · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo examine whether there are socioeconomic gradients in the incidence, prevalence, treatment, and follow up of patients with heart failure in primary care.
designPopulation based study.
setting53 general practices (307,741 patients) participating in the Scottish continuous morbidity recording project between 1 April 1999 and 31 March 2000.
participants2186 adults with heart failure.
main outcome measuresComorbid diagnoses, frequency of visits to general practitioner, and prescribed drugs.
results2186 patients with heart failure were seen (prevalence 7.1 per 1000 population, incidence 2.0 per 1000 population). The age and sex standardised incidence of heart failure increased with greater socioeconomic deprivation, from 1.8 per 1000 population in the most affluent stratum to 2.6 per 1000 population in the most deprived stratum (odds ratio 1.44, P = 0.0003). On average, patients were seen 2.4 times yearly, but follow up rates were less frequent with increasing socioeconomic deprivation (from 2.6 yearly in the most affluent subgroup to 2.0 yearly in the most deprived subgroup, P = 0.00009). Overall, 812 (80.6%) patients were prescribed diuretics, 396 (39.3%) angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, 216 (21.4%) beta blockers, 208 (20.7%) digoxin, and 86 (8.5%) spironolactone. The wide discrepancies in prescribing between different general practices disappeared after adjustment for patient age and sex. Prescribing patterns did not vary by deprivation categories on univariate or multivariate analyses.
conclusionsCompared with affluent patients, socioeconomically deprived patients were 44% more likely to develop heart failure but 23% less likely to see their general practitioner on an ongoing basis. Prescribed treatment did not differ across socioeconomic gradients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.