ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2004
Cloned transgenic farm animals produce a bispecific antibody for T cell-mediated tumor cell killing.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Insights into early embryonic development - a personal assessment based on 30 years of experience.Animal reproduction · 2025Article
- Outlook on genome editing application to cattle.Journal of veterinary science · 2024Review
- Cows as Bioreactors for the Production of Nutritionally and Biomedically Significant Proteins.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2022Article
- Current trends and challenges in the downstream purification of bispecific antibodies.Antibody therapeutics · 2021Review
- A semi high-throughput method for screening small bispecific antibodies with high cytotoxicity.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Large-Scale Purification of r28M: A Bispecific scFv Antibody Targeting Human Melanoma Produced in Transgenic Cattle.PloS one · 2015Article
- A tale of two specificities: bispecific antibodies for therapeutic and diagnostic applications.Trends in biotechnology · 2013Review
- Expression of recombinant antibodies.Frontiers in immunology · 2013Article
- Precision editing of large animal genomes.Advances in genetics · 2012Review
- The endometrium responds differently to cloned versus fertilized embryos.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2009Article
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Complex recombinant antibody fragments for modulation of immune function such as tumor cell destruction have emerged at a rapid pace and diverse anticancer strategies are being developed to benefit patients. Despite improvements in molecule design and expression systems, the quantity and stability, e.g., of single-chain antibodies produced in cell culture, is often insufficient for treatment of human disease, and the costs of scale-up, labor, and fermentation facilities are prohibitive. The ability to yield mg/ml levels of recombinant antibodies and the scale-up flexibility make transgenic production in plants and livestock an attractive alternative to mammalian cell culture as a source of large quantities of biotherapeutics. Here, we report on the efficient production of a bispecific single-chain antibody in the serum of transgenic rabbits and a herd of nine cloned, transgenic cattle. The bispecific protein, designated r28M, is directed to a melanoma-associated proteoglycan and the human CD28 molecule on T cells. Purified from the serum of transgenic animals, the protein is stable and fully active in mediating target cell-restricted T cell stimulation and tumor cell killing.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.