Evidence map›Paper›PMID 15105134›Full record

ArticleAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy2004

Mechanism of increased fluconazole resistance in Candida glabrata during prophylaxis.

John E Bennett, Koichi Izumikawa, Kieren A Marr

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 96 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
96citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

96 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Clinical case reports · 2026
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  2. Review
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  4. Emergence of invasive candidiasis with multipleFrontiers in microbiology · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Invasive candidiasis.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2024
    Review
  7. Evaluation of Antifungal Selective Toxicity UsingJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Poly(methyl methacrylate) with Oleic Acid as an EfficientMaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Recent Trends in the Epidemiology of Fungal Infections.Infectious disease clinics of North America · 2021
    Review
  18. Article
  19. Plant-Derived Substances in the Fight Against Infections Caused byInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2020
    Review
  20. Article

36 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

John E BennettClinical Mycology Section, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. jbennett@niaid.nih.gov
Koichi Izumikawa
Kieren A Marr

Funding

MOLECULAR GENETICS, CELL BIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY OF CANDIDA ALBICANS MALTASEZ01AI000654 · NIAID · NIAID EXTRAMURAL ACTIVITIES · PI BENNETT, JOHN E · 1992 to 2008
$1.4M
AZOLE-RESISTANT CANDIDA IN MARROW TRANSPLANT PATIENTSK08AI001571 · NIAID · FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER · PI MARR, KIEREN A. · 1999 to 2003
$481k
NIAID NIH HHS AI01571
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Candida glabrata can become resistant to fluconazole, causing persistent colonization and invasive infection during prolonged exposure to the drug. To determine the mechanism of resistance in this setting, weekly oropharyngeal cultures for C. glabrata were obtained over a 2-year period from hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients who were receiving fluconazole prophylaxis. In 20 patients from whom at least two isolates of the same karyotype were obtained more than two weeks apart, fluconazole MICs doubled every 31 days on average. The mechanism of fluconazole resistance in isolates from the 14 of the 20 patients studied in whom MICs changed at least fourfold was studied. Cellular resistance was accompanied by increased drug efflux as measured by decreased accumulation of fluconazole and rhodamine 6G and increased abundance of transcripts from two drug transporters, CgCDR1 and PDH1. The rapidity and regularity of the rising resistance indicated that C. glabrata is able to upregulate drug efflux without losing the ability to maintain colonization.

Indexed as

Antifungal AgentsBlotting, NorthernCandida glabrataCandidiasisDrug Resistance, FungalDrug Resistance, Multiple, FungalElectrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-FieldFluconazoleFluorescent DyesKaryotypingReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionRhodaminesAntifungal AgentsFluconazoleFluorescent Dyesrhodamine 6GRhodamines

Identifiers

PMID15105134
PMCPMC400565

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.