ArticleApplied and environmental microbiology2004
Characterization of Bacillus probiotics available for human use.
Article in Applied and environmental microbiology, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 131 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
131 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 425 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Perioperative synbiotic treatment to prevent postoperative infectious complications in biliary cancer surgery: a randomized controlled trial.Annals of surgery · 2006Trial
- High Probiotic Potential of Soil-Derived Bacillus safensis, Bacillus pumilus and Bacillus zhangzhouensis Strains: In Vitro Safety Assessment and Functional Characterization.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Article
- Phenotypic and Genomic Analysis of Swine-DerivedAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Characterization of bacteriocin, probiotic attributes and genomic information of Bacillus subtilis S1.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2026Article
- Review
- Probiotic properties ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Differential Effects of Probiotic Strains on Chronic Stress-Exacerbated Colonic Motility in Rats: A Comparative Evaluation.Metabolites · 2025Article
- Major Foodborne Bacterial Pathogens in Poultry: Implications for Human Health and the Poultry Industry and Probiotic Mitigation Strategies.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Characterization and In Vitro Probiotic Assessment ofFood science & nutrition · 2025Article
- Effectiveness ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Article
- Probiotic Spores ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- EngineeredACS synthetic biology · 2025Article
- Effects of Bacillus coagulans (GBI-30, 6086) supplementation on apparent total tract nutrient digestibility and the fecal characteristics and metabolites, immunity, and microbiota of healthy adult dogs.Journal of animal science · 2025Article
- Probiotics and postbiotics: a promising prophylactic measure for American foulbrood and European foulbrood diseases of honey bees.Veterinary research forum : an international quarterly journal · 2025Article
- Winning the battle of intestinal peace withFrontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Effect of supplementation continuously in pullet and early lay period withFrontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Disrupted gut microbiota promotes the progression of chronic kidney disease in 5/6 nephrectomy mice byFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
71 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Bacillus species (Bacillus cereus, Bacillus clausii, Bacillus pumilus) carried in five commercial probiotic products consisting of bacterial spores were characterized for potential attributes (colonization, immunostimulation, and antimicrobial activity) that could account for their claimed probiotic properties. Three B. cereus strains were shown to persist in the mouse gastrointestinal tract for up to 18 days postadministration, demonstrating that these organisms have some ability to colonize. Spores of one B. cereus strain were extremely sensitive to simulated gastric conditions and simulated intestinal fluids. Spores of all strains were immunogenic when they were given orally to mice, but the B. pumilus strain was found to generate particularly high anti-spore immunoglobulin G titers. Spores of B. pumilus and of a laboratory strain of B. subtilis were found to induce the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 in a cultured macrophage cell line, and in vivo, spores of B. pumilus and B. subtilis induced the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha and the Th1 cytokine gamma interferon. The B. pumilus strain and one B. cereus strain (B. cereus var. vietnami) were found to produce a bacteriocin-like activity against other Bacillus species. The results that provided evidence of colonization, immunostimulation, and antimicrobial activity support the hypothesis that the organisms have a potential probiotic effect. However, the three B. cereus strains were also found to produce the Hbl and Nhe enterotoxins, which makes them unsafe for human use.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.