Evidence map›Paper›PMID 15057510›Full record

SynthesisOsteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA2004

Haplotype analysis of VDR gene polymorphisms: a meta-analysis.

Ammarin Thakkinstian, Catherine D'Este, John Attia

Abstract readMeta-Analysis
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
34citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

34 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Association between phosphodiesterase 4D gene and ischaemic stroke.Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry · 2006
    Pooled it
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  17. Association between vitamin D receptor polymorphisms and osteoporosis in patients with COPD.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2015
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Ammarin ThakkinstianClinical Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Rd, 10400, Bangkok, Thailand. raatk@mahidol.ac.th
Catherine D'Este
John Attia

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionAlthough many studies have addressed the relationship between multiple individual polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene and bone health, few have analyzed this data in terms of haplotypes. We performed a meta-analysis of studies with data on the BsmI, ApaI, and TaqI polymorphisms in order to (a) estimate haplotype frequencies, (b) determine linkage disequilibrium (LD), and (c) estimate the magnitude of the association between haplotypes and osteoporosis/bone mineral density (BMD).

methodsHaplotypes were inferred using the expectation-maximization algorithm (EM); log-linear models were used to determine association with osteoporosis; and regression analysis with variance components was used to determine association with BMD.

resultsOur results indicate that the most common haplotype for the VDR gene, regardless of ethnicity, is baT, followed by BAt and bAT in Caucasians, and bAT and BaT in Asians. This indicates strong LD between the BsmI and TaqI polymorphisms. We demonstrate a gain in power when considering the haplotypes rather than the individual polymorphisms separately, i.e., although BsmI, ApaI, and TaqI were not significantly associated with osteoporosis on their own, the haplotypes Bat and BAt were significantly associated, with an OR of approximately 4.

conclusionWe have applied haplotype analysis to the VDR polymorphisms and bone measures. We also highlight a number of methodologic issues, including linkage disequilibrium, the robustness of the EM algorithm in this context, and the potential for exploring effect modification.

Indexed as

Bone DensityEthnicityHaplotypesHumansLinkage DisequilibriumOsteoporosisPolymorphism, GeneticPrognosisReceptors, CalcitriolSpineReceptors, Calcitriol

Identifiers

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.