ArticleJournal of virology2004
Selective modification of variable loops alters tropism and enhances immunogenicity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope.
Article in Journal of virology, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 42 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Unique genetic signatures in HIV-1 subtype A1 and A1D recombinant envelope glycoprotein distinguish contemporary transmitted/founder viruses from historical strains in East Africa.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Plant Viruses and Bacteriophage-Based Reagents for Diagnosis and Therapy.Annual review of virology · 2020Review
- Functional interrogation and mining of natively paired human VNature biotechnology · 2018Article
- Molecular-level analysis of the serum antibody repertoire in young adults before and after seasonal influenza vaccination.Nature medicine · 2016Article
- Generation of lineage-related, mucosally transmissible subtype C R5 simian-human immunodeficiency viruses capable of AIDS development, induction of neurological disease, and coreceptor switching in rhesus macaques.Journal of virology · 2013Article
- HIV-1 diversity in the envelope glycoproteins: implications for viral entry inhibition.Viruses · 2013Review
- HIV-1 tropism testing and clinical management of CCR5 antagonists: Quebec review and recommendations.The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2013Article
- Article
- Gene-based vaccination with a mismatched envelope protects against simian immunodeficiency virus infection in nonhuman primates.Journal of virology · 2012Article
- A chloroplast-derived C4V3 polypeptide from the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is orally immunogenic in mice.Plant molecular biology · 2012Article
- Engineering, expression, purification, and characterization of stable clade A/B recombinant soluble heterotrimeric gp140 proteins.Journal of virology · 2012Article
- Article
- Fitness disadvantage of transitional intermediates contributes to dynamic change in the infecting-virus population during coreceptor switch in R5 simian/human immunodeficiency virus-infected macaques.Journal of virology · 2010Article
- Stabilized HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein trimers lacking the V1V2 domain, obtained by virus evolution.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2010Article
- Mutation at a single position in the V2 domain of the HIV-1 envelope protein confers neutralization sensitivity to a highly neutralization-resistant virus.Journal of virology · 2010Article
- Structure-guided design and immunological characterization of immunogens presenting the HIV-1 gp120 V3 loop on a CTB scaffold.Virology · 2010Article
- Biochemical and structural characterization of cathepsin L-processed Ebola virus glycoprotein: implications for viral entry and immunogenicity.Journal of virology · 2010Article
- Comparative immunogenicity of subtype a Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 envelope exhibiting differential exposure of conserved neutralization epitopes.Journal of virology · 2010Article
- Alanine mutagenesis of the primary antigenic escape residue cluster, c1, of apical membrane antigen 1.Infection and immunity · 2010Article
- Cross-Reactive Human IgM-Derived Monoclonal Antibodies that Bind to HIV-1 Envelope Glycoproteins.Viruses · 2010Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Although the B clade of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelopes (Env) includes five highly variable regions, each of these domains contains a subset of sequences that remain conserved. The V3 loop has been much studied for its ability to elicit neutralizing antibodies, which are often restricted to a limited number of closely related strains, likely because a large number of antigenic structures are generated from the diverse amino acid sequences in this region. Despite these strain-specific determinants, subregions of V3 are highly conserved, and the effects of different portions of the V3 loop on Env tropism and immunogenicity have not been well delineated. For this report, selective deletions in V3 were introduced by shortening of the stem of the V3 loop. These mutations were explored in combination with deletions of selected V regions. Progressive shortening of the stem of V3 abolished the immunogenicity as well as the functional activity of HIV Env; however, two small deletions on both arms of the V3 stem altered the tropism of the dualtropic 89.6P viral strain so that it infected only CXCR4(+) cells. When this smaller deletion was combined with removal of the V1 and V2 loops and used as an immunogen in guinea pigs, the antisera were able to neutralize multiple independent clade B isolates with a higher potency. These findings suggest that highly conserved subregions within V3 may be relevant targets for eliciting neutralizing antibody responses, affecting HIV tropism, and increasing the immunogenicity of AIDS vaccines.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.