ArticleThe EMBO journal2004
TGF-beta-activated Smad3 represses MEF2-dependent transcription in myogenic differentiation.
Article in The EMBO journal, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed, 140 citations in OpenAlex.
- Role of human Myocyte Enhancer Factor 2 (MEF2) proteins in cancer: structural insights, functional diversity, and regulatory mechanisms.Cancer cell international · 2025Review
- CircRNA profiling of skeletal muscle satellite cells in goats reveals circTGFβ2 promotes myoblast differentiation.BMC genomics · 2024Article
- MEF2C Directly Interacts with Pre-miRNAs and Distinct RNPs to Post-Transcriptionally Regulate miR-23a-miR-27a-miR-24-2 microRNA Cluster Member Expression.Non-coding RNA · 2024Article
- Bulk and single-cell alternative splicing analyses reveal roles of TRA2B in myogenic differentiation.Cell proliferation · 2024Article
- Interaction of C/EBPβ with SMAD2 and SMAD4 genes induces the formation of lipid droplets in bovine myoblasts.Functional & integrative genomics · 2023Article
- Histopathogenesis of bone- and soft-tissue tumor spectrum with USP6 gene rearrangement: multiple partners involved in the tissue repair process.Histology and histopathology · 2023Review
- TBX1 regulates myogenic differentiation by activating the TGFβ-Smad2/3 pathway in myoblasts.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2023Article
- Effect of Pinoresinol and Vanillic Acid Isolated fromMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Article
- BMP10 positively regulates myogenic differentiation in C2C12 myoblasts via the Smad 1/5/8 signaling pathway.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2021Article
- TGF-β3/Smad3 Contributes to Isoflurane Postconditioning Against Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Upregulating MEF2C.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2020Article
- Article
- Review
- Review
- Article
- Specificity, versatility, and control of TGF-β family signaling.Science signaling · 2019Review
- Tissue Expression Analysis and Characterization of Smad3 Promoter in Bovine Myoblasts and Preadipocytes.DNA and cell biology · 2018Article
- TGF-β Family Signaling in Mesenchymal Differentiation.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology · 2018Review
- Diversification of the muscle proteome through alternative splicing.Skeletal muscle · 2018Review
- The Discovery and Early Days of TGF-β: A Historical Perspective.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology · 2016Review
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) inhibits myogenesis and associated gene expression. We previously reported that the TGF-beta signaling effector Smad3 mediates this inhibition, by interfering with the assembly of myogenic bHLH transcription factor heterodimers on E-box sequences in the regulatory regions of muscle-specific genes. We now show that TGF-beta-activated Smad3 suppresses the function of MEF2, a second class of essential myogenic factors. TGF-beta signaling through Smad3 represses myogenin expression independently of E-boxes, and prevents a tethered MyoD-E47 dimer to activate transcription indirectly through MEF2-binding sites. In addition, Smad3 interacts with MEF2C, which requires its MADS domain, and disrupts its association with the SRC-family coactivator GRIP-1, thus diminishing the transcription activity of MEF2C. Consistent with this physical displacement, TGF-beta signaling blocks the GRIP-1-induced redistribution of MEF2C to discrete nuclear subdomains in 10T1/2 cells, and the recruitment of GRIP-1 to the myogenin promoter in differentiating myoblasts. These findings indicate that the TGF-beta/Smad3 pathway targets two critical components of the myogenic transcription machinery to inhibit terminal differentiation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.