ArticleThe Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience2004
Netrin-1 and semaphorin 3A promote or inhibit cortical axon branching, respectively, by reorganization of the cytoskeleton.
Article in The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 154 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
154 citing papers in PubMed, 295 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comprehensive Transcriptomic Analysis Identifies Potential Biomarkers and Underlying Mechanisms of Acupuncture in Treating Peripheral Facial Paralysis.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2026Article
- Article
- Impact of Sema3A Interference on Cerebellum-Dependent Motor Associative Learning and Memory.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Regulatory role of neuronal guidance proteins in spinal cord injury.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Coro1A and TRIM67 collaborate in netrin-dependent neuronal morphogenesis.The Journal of cell biology · 2025Article
- Expression of Netrin-1 in the developing mouse heart.Gene expression patterns : GEP · 2025Article
- Trio and CRMP2 regulate axon branching and Semaphorin3A signaling.Communications biology · 2025Article
- The actin assembly regulatorbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Neural xenografts contribute to long-term recovery in stroke via molecular graft-host crosstalk.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Spinal motor neuron development and metabolism are transcriptionally regulated by nuclear factor IA.Science advances · 2025Article
- FGF-Mediated Axon Guidance: Role of Downstream Signaling Pathways in Cytoskeletal Control.Cells · 2025Review
- Mesenchymal Meis2 controls whisker development independently from trigeminal sensory innervation.eLife · 2025Article
- The Axonal Actin Filament Cytoskeleton: Structure, Function, and Relevance to Injury and Degeneration.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Review
- Review
- Article
- Netrin-1 stimulated axon growth requires the polyglutamylase TTLL1.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Article
- Adriamycin-induced podocyte injury via the Sema3A/TRPC5/Rac1 pathway.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- The role of microtubule-associated protein tau in netrin-1 attractive signaling.Journal of cell science · 2024Article
- Drebrin Regulates Collateral Axon Branching in Cortical Layer II/III Somatosensory Neurons.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2023Article
- Growth cone advance requires EB1 as revealed by genomic replacement with a light-sensitive variant.eLife · 2023Article
94 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
In many CNS pathways, target innervation occurs by axon branching rather than extension of the primary growth cone into targets. To investigate mechanisms of branch formation, we studied the effects of attractive and inhibitory guidance cues on cortical axon branching. We found that netrin-1, which attracts cortical axons, and FGF-2 increased branching by >50%, whereas semaphorin 3A (Sema3A), which repels cortical axons, inhibited branching by 50%. Importantly, none of the factors affected axon length significantly. The increase in branching by FGF-2 and the inhibition of branching by Sema3A were mediated by opposing effects on the growth cone (expansion vs collapse) and on the cytoskeleton. FGF-2 increased actin polymerization and formation of microtubule loops in growth cones over many hours, whereas Sema3A depolymerized actin filaments, attenuated microtubule dynamics, and collapsed microtubule arrays within minutes. Netrin-1 promoted rapid axon branching, often without involving the growth cone. Branches formed de novo on the axon shaft within 30 min after local application of netrin-1, which induced rapid accumulation of actin filaments in filopodia. Importantly, increased actin polymerization and microtubule dynamics were necessary for axon branching to occur. Taken together, these results show that guidance factors influence the organization and dynamics of the cytoskeleton at the growth cone and the axon shaft to promote or inhibit axon branching. Independent of axon outgrowth, axon branching in response to guidance cues can occur over different time courses by different cellular mechanisms.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.