ArticleGenes and immunity2004
Arginine at position 74 of the HLA-DR beta1 chain is associated with Graves' disease.
Article in Genes and immunity, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 140 citations in OpenAlex.
- Significance of HLA in Graves' disease and Graves' orbitopathy in Asian and Caucasian populations - a systematic review.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Genetics of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: insights into disease pathogenesis.Current opinion in rheumatology · 2019Pooled it
- Association between HLA-B*46 allele and Graves disease in Asian populations: a meta-analysis.International journal of medical sciences · 2013Pooled it
- Trial
- Association of HLA-DRB1 pocket structures with susceptibility and prognosis of Graves' and Hashimoto's disease.Endocrine journal · 2026Article
- The Cross-Knit Between Immune Cells and Thyroid Function in Autoimmune Thyroid Disorders: What We Can Learn from Inborn Errors of Immunity.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Traditional Chinese Medicine as an Adjunct in Hyperthyroidism Management: A Narrative Review of Pathophysiology, Proposed Mechanisms, and Clinical Evidence.International journal of general medicine · 2026Review
- Autoimmune Hepatitis Associated with Other Autoimmune Diseases: A Critical Review.Journal of clinical and translational hepatology · 2025Review
- Prevalence and impact of thyroid dysfunction in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- HLA loci heterozygosity modulates genetic risk in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies.Annals of the rheumatic diseases · 2025Article
- Autoimmune thyroid disease and rheumatoid arthritis: where the twain meet.Clinical rheumatology · 2024Review
- The genetics of Graves' disease.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2024Review
- Effective Inhibition of Thyroid Antigen Presentation Using Retro-Inverso Peptides in Experimental Autoimmune Thyroiditis: A Pathway Toward Immune Therapies of Thyroid Autoimmunity.Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association · 2023Article
- Genetics and epigenetics of autoimmune thyroid diseases: Translational implications.Best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism · 2023Review
- Evolution of Graves' Disease during Immune Reconstitution following Nonmyeloablative Haploidentical Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation in a Boy Carrying GermlineInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Association with HLA-DRβ1 position 37 distinguishes juvenile dermatomyositis from adult-onset myositis.Human molecular genetics · 2022Article
- HLA-DRB1 genes and the expression dynamics of HLA CIITA determine the susceptibility to T2DM.Immunogenetics · 2021Article
- Review
- Genetic Susceptibility to Joint Occurrence of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Hashimoto's Thyroiditis: How Far Is Our Understanding?Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Cepharanthine blocks TSH receptor peptide presentation by HLA-DR3: Therapeutic implications to Graves' disease.Journal of autoimmunity · 2020Article
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Graves' disease (GD) is associated with HLA-DR3 (DRB1*03) in Caucasians, but the exact amino-acid sequence in the DR beta1 chain conferring susceptibility to GD is unknown. Therefore, the aim of our study was to identify the critical sequence among the HLA-DRB1 amino-acid residues occupying the peptide-binding pocket, which conferred susceptibility to GD. We sequenced the HLA-DRB1 locus in 208 Caucasian GD patients and 149 Caucasian controls. Sequence analysis showed an increased frequency of DR beta-Arg-74 in GD patients compared to controls (41.8 and 13.4%, respectively; P=2.3 x 10(-8), OR=4.6). Moreover, subset analyses showed that DR beta-Arg-74 was also significantly more frequent in the HLA-DR3 negative GD patients than in controls (7.6 vs 0.8%, P=0.02, OR=10.5), suggesting that the association with DR beta-Arg-74 is independent of the association with HLA-DR3. Structural modeling studies demonstrated that the change at position 74 from the neutral amino acids Ala or Gln to the positively charged amino-acid Arg significantly modifies the three-dimensional structure of the DR peptide-binding pocket. Our results suggested that structural heterogeneity of the DR beta-chain peptide-binding pocket P4 at residue 74 predispose some at risk individuals to GD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.