ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2004
Histone H1 and the origin of protamines.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 96 citations in OpenAlex.
- The jewel wasp Nasonia vitripennis utilizes two single-copy, protamine-like sperm nuclear basic proteins.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Article
- Molecular and Computational Studies Reveal That Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Can Impair Protamine-DNA Interaction, Potentially Inducing DNA Damage.Biomolecules · 2025Article
- The protamines of the spider Steatoda sp. provide an example of liquid-liquid phase separation chromatin transitions during spermiogenesis.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2024Article
- The protamines of the noble false widow spiderbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Sperm-specific histone H1 in highly condensed sperm nucleus of Sargassum horneri.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Derepression of Y-linked multicopy protamine-like genes interferes with sperm nuclear compaction inProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Article
- Sperm bauplan and function and underlying processes of sperm formation and selection.Physiological reviews · 2022Review
- The expression, function, and utilization of Protamine1: a literature review.Translational cancer research · 2021Review
- DNA sequence-dependent positioning of the linker histone in a nucleosome: A single-pair FRET study.Biophysical journal · 2021Article
- Systematic genetic and proteomic screens during gametogenesis identify H2BK34 methylation as an evolutionary conserved meiotic mark.Epigenetics & chromatin · 2020Article
- Sequencing a Bispecific Antibody by Controlling Chain Concentration Effects When Using an Immobilized Nonspecific Protease.Analytical chemistry · 2020Article
- Heparin Forms Polymers with Cell-free DNA Which Elongate Under Shear in Flowing Blood.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Protamines from liverwort are produced by post-translational cleavage and C-terminal di-aminopropanelation of several male germ-specific H1 histones.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2019Article
- The association betweenInternational journal of reproductive biomedicine · 2019Article
- EPC1/TIP60-Mediated Histone Acetylation Facilitates Spermiogenesis in Mice.Molecular and cellular biology · 2017Article
- The cnidarian Hydractinia echinata employs canonical and highly adapted histones to pack its DNA.Epigenetics & chromatin · 2016Article
- Review
- Mutation analysis of TNP1 gene in infertile men with varicocele.Iranian journal of reproductive medicine · 2014Article
- A comparison of DNA compaction by arginine and lysine peptides: a physical basis for arginine rich protamines.Biochemistry · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We present evidence that chordate protamines have evolved from histone H1. During the final stages of spermatogenesis, the compaction of DNA in many organisms is accomplished by the replacement of histones with a class of arginine-rich proteins called protamines. In other organisms, however, condensation of sperm DNA can occur with comparable efficiency in the presence of somatic-type histones or, alternatively, an intermediate class of proteins called protamine-like proteins. The idea that the highly specialized sperm chromosomal proteins (protamines) and somatic chromosomal proteins (histones) could be related dates back almost to the discovery of these proteins. Although this notion has frequently been revisited since that time, there has been a complete lack of supporting experimental evidence. Here we show that the emergence of protamines in chordates occurred very quickly, as a result of the conversion of a lysine-rich histone H1 to an arginine-rich protamine. We have characterized the sperm nuclear basic proteins of the tunicate Styela montereyensis, which we show consists of both a protamine and a sperm-specific histone H1 with a protamine tail. Comparison of the genes encoding these proteins to that of a sister protochordate, Ciona intestinalis, has indicated this rapid and dramatic change is most likely the result of frameshift mutations in the tail of the sperm-specific histone H1. By establishing an evolutionary link between the chromatin-condensing histone H1s of somatic tissues and the chromatin-condensing proteins of the sperm, these results provide unequivocal support to the notion that vertebrate protamines evolved from histones.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.