ArticleJournal of virology2004
Amino acid 324 in the simian immunodeficiency virus SIVmac V3 loop can confer CD4 independence and modulate the interaction with CCR5 and alternative coreceptors.
Article in Journal of virology, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Role of rhesus macaque IFITM3(2) in simian immunodeficiency virus infection of macaques.PloS one · 2019Article
- Lineage-Specific Differences between the gp120 Inner Domain Layer 3 of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and That of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus.Journal of virology · 2016Article
- Boosting of ALVAC-SIV Vaccine-Primed Macaques with the CD4-SIVgp120 Fusion Protein Elicits Antibodies to V2 Associated with a Decreased Risk of SIVmac251 Acquisition.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2016Article
- Article
- Emergence of CD4 independence envelopes and astrocyte infection in R5 simian-human immunodeficiency virus model of encephalitis.Journal of virology · 2014Article
- Simian immunodeficiency virus infects follicular helper CD4 T cells in lymphoid tissues during pathogenic infection of pigtail macaques.Journal of virology · 2013Article
- Lineage-specific differences between human and simian immunodeficiency virus regulation of gp120 trimer association and CD4 binding.Journal of virology · 2012Article
- Acquisition of CD4-dependence by CD4-independent SIV passaged in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.Retrovirology · 2012Article
- Conformational HIV-1 envelope on particulate structures: a tool for chemokine coreceptor binding studies.Journal of translational medicine · 2011Review
- Induction of antibody-mediated neutralization in SIVmac239 by a naturally acquired V3 mutation.Virology · 2010Article
- Derivation and characterization of a simian immunodeficiency virus SIVmac239 variant with tropism for CXCR4.Journal of virology · 2009Article
- Article
- A TRIM5alpha-independent post-entry restriction to HIV-1 infection of macaque cells that is dependent on the path of entry.Virology · 2007Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The V3 loop of the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) envelope protein (Env) largely determines interactions with viral coreceptors. To define amino acids in V3 that are critical for coreceptor engagement, we functionally characterized Env variants with amino acid substitutions at position 324 in V3, which has previously been shown to impact SIV cell tropism. These changes modulated CCR5 engagement and, in some cases, allowed the efficient usage of CCR5 in the absence of CD4. The tested amino acid substitutions had highly differential effects on viral infectivity. Eleven of sixteen substitutions disrupted entry via CCR5 or the alternative coreceptor GPR15. Nevertheless, most of these variants replicated in the macaque T-cell line 221-89 and some also replicated in rhesus macaque peripheral blood monocytes, suggesting that efficient usage of CCR5 and GPR15 on cell lines is not a prerequisite for SIV replication in primary cells. Four variants showed enhanced entry into the macaque sMagi reporter cell line. However, sMagi cells did not express appreciable amounts of CCR5 and GPR15 mRNA, and entry into these cells was not efficiently blocked by a small-molecule CCR5 antagonist, suggesting that sMagi cells express as-yet-unidentified entry cofactors. In summary, we found that a single amino acid at position 324 in the SIV Env V3 loop can modulate both the efficiency and the types of coreceptors engaged by Env and allow for CD4-independent fusion in some cases.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.