ArticleJournal of molecular evolution2003
The molecular basis for the evolution of the metazoan bodyplan: extracellular matrix-mediated morphogenesis in marine demosponges.
Article in Journal of molecular evolution, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sponge Galectins: Structure, Evolution, and Function.ACS omega · 2026Review
- Application of synthetic biology approaches for understanding encounters between cells and their microenvironment.Cell adhesion & migration · 2016Article
- Review
- Isolation of novel prototype galectins from the marine ball sponge Cinachyrella sp. guided by their modulatory activity on mammalian glutamate-gated ion channels.Glycobiology · 2013Article
- Demosponge EST sequencing reveals a complex genetic toolkit of the simplest metazoans.Molecular biology and evolution · 2010Article
- Ancient phylogenetic beginnings of immunoglobulin hypermutation.Journal of molecular evolution · 2006Article
- Conservation and phylogeny of a novel family of non-Hox genes of the Antp class in Demospongiae (porifera).Journal of molecular evolution · 2006Article
- Evolution of metazoan cell junction proteins: the scaffold protein MAGI and the transmembrane receptor tetraspanin in the demosponge Suberites domuncula.Journal of molecular evolution · 2004Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Molecular data on development/differentiation and on comparative genomics allow insights into the genetic basis of the evolution of a bodyplan. Sponges (phylum Porifera) are animals that are the (still extant) stem group with the hypothetical Urmetazoa as the earliest common ancestor of all metazoans; they possess the basic features of the characteristic metazoan bodyplan also valid for the animals of the crown taxa. Here we describe three homeobox genes from the demosponge Suberites domuncula whose deduced proteins (HOXa1_SUBDO, HOXb1_SUBDO, HOXc1_SUBDO) are to be grouped with the Antennapedia class of homeoproteins (subclasses TIx-Hox11 and NK-2). In addition, a cDNA encoding a LIM/homeobox protein has been isolated which comprises high sequence similarity to the related LIM homeodomain (HD) proteins in its LIM as well as in its HD domains. To elucidate the potential function of these proteins in the sponge a new in vitro system was developed. Primmorphs which are formed from dissociated cells were grown on a homologous galectin matrix. This galectin cDNA was cloned and the recombinant protein was used for the preparation of the matrix. The galectin/polylysine matrix induced in primmorphs the formation of channels, one major morphogenetic process in sponges. Under such conditions the expression of the gene encoding the LIM/homeobox protein is strongly upregulated, while the expression of the other homeobox genes remains unchanged or is even downregulated. Competition experiments with galactosylceramides isolated from S. domuncula were performed. They revealed that a beta-galactosylceramide, named Sdgal-1, prevented the expression of the LIM gene on the galectin matrix, while Sdgal-2, a diglycosylceramide having a terminal alpha-glycosidically linked galactose, caused no effect on the formation of channels in primmorphs or on LIM expression. This study demonstrates for the first time that an extracellular matrix molecule, galectin, induces a morphogenetic process in sponges which is very likely caused by a LIM/homeobox protein. Furthermore, a new model is introduced (galectin-caused channel formation in sponge primmorphs) to investigate basic pathways, thus allowing new insights into the functional molecular evolution of Metazoa.
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