ArticleLeukemia2004
Bone marrow endothelial cells increase the invasiveness of human multiple myeloma cells through upregulation of MMP-9: evidence for a role of hepatocyte growth factor.
Article in Leukemia, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Case Report: Molecular and immunological insights into primary extramedullary plasmacytoma: discovery of a novelFrontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Contribution of the Tumor Microenvironment to Metabolic Changes Triggering Resistance of Multiple Myeloma to Proteasome Inhibitors.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
- Tumour Dissemination in Multiple Myeloma Disease Progression and Relapse: A Potential Therapeutic Target in High-Risk Myeloma.Cancers · 2020Review
- Identification of Key Genes and Pathways in Myeloma side population cells by Bioinformatics Analysis.International journal of medical sciences · 2020Article
- Game of Bones: How Myeloma Manipulates Its Microenvironment.Frontiers in oncology · 2020Review
- Extracellular matrix and the myeloid-in-myeloma compartment: balancing tolerogenic and immunogenic inflammation in the myeloma niche.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2017Review
- Adipocyte-Lineage Cells Support Growth and Dissemination of Multiple Myeloma in Bone.The American journal of pathology · 2016Article
- The insulin-like growth factor system in multiple myeloma: diagnostic and therapeutic potential.Oncotarget · 2016Review
- Article
- Regulation of the metastasis suppressor Nm23-H1 by tumor viruses.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2015Review
- Thyroid hormone regulates adhesion, migration and matrix metalloproteinase 9 activity via αvβ3 integrin in myeloma cells.Oncotarget · 2014Article
- Article
- Article
- Notch-directed microenvironment reprogramming in myeloma: a single path to multiple outcomes.Leukemia · 2013Review
- Variation in innate immunity genes and risk of multiple myeloma.Hematological oncology · 2011Article
- Bone marrow microenvironment in myelomagenesis: its potential role in early diagnosis.Expert review of molecular diagnostics · 2010Review
- Is NF-kappaB a good target for cancer therapy? Hopes and pitfalls.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2009Review
- Heparanase stimulation of protease expression implicates it as a master regulator of the aggressive tumor phenotype in myeloma.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2008Article
- Extravasation and homing mechanisms in multiple myeloma.Clinical & experimental metastasis · 2008Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The migration of multiple myeloma (MM) cells from the circulation into the bone marrow (BM) implicates that they must have the capacity to cross the BM endothelium including the subendothelial basement membrane. In this study, human CD138+ MM cells were immunomagnetically isolated from BM samples of MM patients and their invasion through Matrigel, that is, a reconstituted basement membrane, was determined. We demonstrated that primary MM cells have the capacity to transmigrate through basement membrane and that this invasiveness was considerably increased when assessed on Matrigel filters coated with BM endothelial cells (EC) (4LHBMEC line) (transendothelial invasion). The isolated MM cells were shown by zymography to secrete matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and anti-MMP-9 antibodies inhibited transendothelial invasion, indicating that MMP-9 is involved in this process. BM EC were found to increase the MMP-9 secretion in MM cells, indicating that EC enhance MM cell invasion through stimulation of MMP-9 secretion. BM EC were found to produce hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and this cytokine also stimulated MMP-9 secretion in MM cells, while anti-HGF antibodies significantly inhibited EC-stimulated MM cell invasion. In summary, our findings provide evidence that MM cell-BM EC interactions enhance the invasion of human MM cells through stimulation of MMP-9 secretion.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.