Trial reportAnnals of internal medicine2004
Effect of antibacterial home cleaning and handwashing products on infectious disease symptoms: a randomized, double-blind trial.
Trial report in Annals of internal medicine, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 112 citations in OpenAlex.
- Physical interventions to interrupt or reduce the spread of respiratory viruses.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Hand-washing promotion for preventing diarrhoea.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Physical interventions to interrupt or reduce the spread of respiratory viruses.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Hand washing promotion for preventing diarrhoea.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2015Pooled it
- Hand hygiene and risk of influenza virus infections in the community: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Epidemiology and infection · 2014Pooled it
- Physical interventions to interrupt or reduce the spread of respiratory viruses.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2011Pooled it
- Effect of hand hygiene on infectious disease risk in the community setting: a meta-analysis.American journal of public health · 2008Pooled it
- How effective is good domestic kitchen hygiene at reducing diarrhoeal disease in developed countries? A systematic review and reanalysis of the UK IID study.BMC public health · 2008Pooled it
- Effect of hand washing and personal hygiene on hand food mouth disease: A community intervention study.Medicine · 2018Trial
- Outcomes of a pilot hand hygiene randomized cluster trial to reduce communicable infections among US office-based employees.Journal of occupational and environmental medicine · 2015Trial
- A cluster randomized clinical trial comparing fit-tested and non-fit-tested N95 respirators to medical masks to prevent respiratory virus infection in health care workers.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2011Trial
- Trial
- Face mask use and control of respiratory virus transmission in households.Emerging infectious diseases · 2009Trial
- Antibacterial cleaning products and drug resistance.Emerging infectious diseases · 2005Trial
- Relationship between triclosan and susceptibilities of bacteria isolated from hands in the community.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2004Trial
- Impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions on URIs and influenza in crowded, urban households.Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974)Trial
- Personal Care Products as a Contributing Factor to Antimicrobial Resistance: Current State and Novel Approach to Investigation.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Review
- Exploring associations between household environmental factors and handwashing with essential agents in sub-Saharan Africa.PloS one · 2023Article
- Indirect consequences of coronavirus disease 2019: Skin lesions caused by the frequent hand sanitation and use of personal protective equipment and strategies for their prevention.The Journal of dermatology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDespite the widespread household use of cleaning and personal hygiene products containing antibacterial ingredients, their effects on the incidence of infectious disease symptoms have not been studied.
objectiveTo evaluate the effect of antibacterial cleaning and handwashing products for consumers on the occurrence of infectious disease symptoms in households.
designRandomized, double-blind clinical trial.
settingNorthern Manhattan inner-city neighborhood, New York.
participants238 primarily Hispanic households (1178 persons) that included at least one preschool-age child.
interventionsHouseholds were randomly assigned to use either antibacterial or nonantibacterial products for general cleaning, laundry, and handwashing. All products were commercially available, but the packaging was blinded and the products were provided free to participants. MEASUREMENTS: Hygiene practices and infectious disease symptoms were monitored by weekly telephone calls, monthly home visits, and quarterly interviews for 48 weeks.
resultsSymptoms were primarily respiratory: During 26.2% (717 of 2736) of household-months, 23.3% (640 of 2737) of household-months, and 10.2% (278 of 2737) of household-months, one or more members of the household had a runny nose, cough, or sore throat, respectively. Fever was present during 11% (301 of 2737) of household-months, vomiting was present in 2.2% (61 of 2737), diarrhea was present in 2.5% (69 of 2737), and boils or conjunctivitis were present in 0.77% (21 of 2737). Differences between intervention and control groups were not significant for any symptoms (all unadjusted and adjusted relative risks included 1.0) or for numbers of symptoms (overall incidence density ratio, 0.96 [95% CI, 0.82 to 1.12]).
conclusionsThe tested antibacterial products did not reduce the risk for symptoms of viral infectious diseases in households that included essentially healthy persons. This does not preclude the potential contribution of these products to reducing symptoms of bacterial diseases in the home.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.